Antineuronal Autoantibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum From 106 Patients With Recent-Onset Depression Compared With 106 Individually Matched Healthy Control Subjects

Sørensen, Nina Vindegaard; Nilsson, Anna Christine; Orlovska-Waast, Sonja; Jeppesen, Rose; Christensen, Rune Haubo Bojesen; Benrós, Michael Eriksen

doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.10.007

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Since IL-8 was quantifiable in all our samples, our data support that IL-8 does not seem to have a significant role in the neuroinflammatory response of recent-onset depression. As the main function of IL-8 is recruitment and diapedesis of neutrophils [ 41 ] and as we previously revealed a lower neutrophil proportion in the CSF from the same population of patients with depression compared to healthy controls [ 7 ], it appears plausible that IL-8 is not a main cytokine related to depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…corresponding author (prof. Benros) on reasonable request that can be approved by the Danish data authorities. Some of the demographic data only have previously been published elsewhere [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed protocol paper has been published elsewhere prior to data-analyses [ 11 ]. Data on routine measurements have previously been published elsewhere [ 7 ]. All participants were included for research purpose only and all lumbar punctures were conducted for research purpose, also for the healthy control group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recently published study from our group investigating routine neuroinflammatory markers measured in CSF, we found patients with recent-onset depression to have 18% higher white cell count in the CSF compared to the healthy controls, indicating a neuroinflammatory response to depression [ 7 ]. A meta-analysis of immune markers in the CSF found levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-ɑ to be higher in patients with depression as compared to healthy controls [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The individual level data in the current study are not publicly available due to restrictions by the Danish data authorities but are available from the corresponding author (prof. Benros) on reasonable request that can be approved by the Danish data authorities. Some of the demographic data only have previously been published elsewhere [ 7 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparisons of 25 cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in a case–control study of 106 patients with recent-onset depression and 106 individually matched healthy subjects

Sørensen

Borbye-Lorenzen

Christensen

et al. 2023

J Neuroinflammation

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Background Neuroinflammation has been suggested as a contributor to the pathophysiology of depression; however, large case–control studies investigating cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with recent-onset depression by multiplex analyses are missing. Methods An individually matched (sex and age) prospective case–control study comparing patients with recent-onset depression to healthy controls. CSF was analyzed with the Mesoscale V-PLEX Neuroinflammation Panel 1. Outcomes: comparisons of analyte levels in the CSF between groups with interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 as primary outcomes and 23 other cytokines as secondary outcomes. Results We included 106 patients (84.0% outpatients) with recent-onset depression and 106 healthy controls. There were no significant differences in the primary outcomes IL-6 (relative mean difference (MD): 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93–1.30; p = 0.276) or IL-8 levels (MD: 1.05; 95% CI 0.96–1.16; p = 0.249) relative to healthy controls. IL-4 was 40% higher (MD: 1.40; 95% CI 1.14–1.72; p = 0.001), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was 25% higher (MD: 1.25; 95% CI 1.06–1.47; p = 0.009) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β was 16% higher (MD: 1.16; 95% CI 1.02–1.33; p = 0.025) in patients with depression relative to healthy controls. However, only IL-4 was significantly elevated after correction for multiple testing of secondary outcomes (p = 0.025). Conclusion We found no significant differences in CSF levels of the co-primary outcomes IL-6 and IL-8, however, the higher CSF levels of IL-4, MCP-1 and MIP-1β among patients with recent-onset depression compared to healthy controls indicate a potential role of these cytokines in the neuroinflammatory response to depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparisons of 25 cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in a case–control study of 106 patients with recent-onset depression and 106 individually matched healthy subjects

Sørensen

Borbye-Lorenzen

Christensen

et al. 2023

J Neuroinflammation

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The Immune System and Depression: From Epidemiological to Clinical Evidence

Sørensen

Benros

2022

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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Characterization and diagnosis spectrum of patients with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis

Dyckhoff-Shen,

Bewersdorf,

Teske

et al. 2023

Infection

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Purpose There is an overlap in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics of patients presenting with different etiologies of CSF pleocytosis. Here, we characterized patients with CSF pleocytosis treated in a large hospital. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 1150 patients with an elevated CSF leukocyte count > 5 cells/µl treated at a university hospital in Germany from January 2015 to December 2017 was performed. Information on clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, diagnosis and outcome was collected. Clinical and laboratory features were tested for their potential to differentiate between bacterial meningitis (BM) and other causes of CSF pleocytosis. Results The most common etiologies of CSF pleocytosis were CNS infections (34%: 20% with detected pathogen, 14% without), autoimmune (21%) and neoplastic diseases (16%). CSF cell count was higher in CNS infections with detected pathogen (median 82 cells/µl) compared to autoimmune (11 cells/µl, p = 0.001), neoplastic diseases (19 cells/µl, p = 0.01) and other causes (11 cells/µl, p < 0.001). The CHANCE score was developed to differentiate BM from other causes of CSF pleocytosis: Multivariate regression revealed that CSF cell count > 100 cells/µl, CSF protein > 100 mg/dl, CRP > 5 mg/dl, elevated white blood cell count, abnormal mental status and nuchal rigidity are important indicators. The CHANCE score identified patients with BM with high sensitivity (92.1%) and specificity (90.9%) (derivation cohort: AUC: 0.955, validation cohort: AUC: 0.956). Conclusion Overall, the most common causes for CSF pleocytosis include infectious, neoplastic or autoimmune CNS diseases in ~ 70% of patients. The CHANCE score could be of help to identify patients with high likelihood of BM and support clinical decision making.

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Antineuronal Autoantibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum From 106 Patients With Recent-Onset Depression Compared With 106 Individually Matched Healthy Control Subjects

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Comparisons of 25 cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in a case–control study of 106 patients with recent-onset depression and 106 individually matched healthy subjects

Comparisons of 25 cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in a case–control study of 106 patients with recent-onset depression and 106 individually matched healthy subjects

The Immune System and Depression: From Epidemiological to Clinical Evidence

Characterization and diagnosis spectrum of patients with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis

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