Antineoplastic Agents. 536. New Sources of Naturally Occurring Cancer Cell Growth Inhibitors from Marine Organisms, Terrestrial Plants, and Microorganisms^,

Abstract

Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts of various plants, marine organisms, and microorganisms has led to the discovery of new natural sources of a number of known compounds that have significant biological activity. The isolation of interesting and valuable cancer cell growth inhibitors including majusculamide C ( 1), axinastatin 5 ( 5), bengazoles A ( 6), B ( 7), and E ( 8), manzamine A ( 10), jaspamide ( 11), and neoechinulin A ( 19) has been summarized.

Synthetic and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on Bioactive Natural Products

“…The ketone was converted into 2,3-dimethyl-pyran-4-one (AE)-56 by intramolecular cyclization with Ac 2 O in pyridine. Reduction of (AE)-56 with DIBAL gave the proposed structure of aspergione B (45). The hemiacetal in (AE)-45 was converted into its methyl acetal (AE)-44, the proposed structure of aspergione A (44 and B are identical to those ustusorane C and pseudodeflectusin, respectively.…”

“…Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae), 45) Eurotium sp., [46][47][48][49] Penicillium griseofulvum, 50) and the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica.…”

“…54,55) Pettit et al have reported that 25 showed growth inhibitory activity in P388, OVCAR-3, NCI-H460, KM20L2, DU-145, BXPC-3, and SF-295 cells. 45) Miller et al demonstrated that 25 induced inflammatory gene responses in mouse lungs and mouse alveolar macrophages. 56,57) 1.…”

Neoechinulin A Imparts Resistance to Acute Nitrosative Stress in PC12 Cells: A Potential Link of an Elevated Cellular Reserve Capacity for Pyridine Nucleotide Redox Turnover with Cytoprotection

“…It has been isolated from various fungi and bacteria 2) (see references therein). Neoechinulin A has been reported to have antiproliferative activity toward various tumor cell lines 3) and proinflammatory activity in the lungs 4) ; however, the biological activities of this alkaloid have not been fully investigated.…”

Photosynthetic marine organisms as a source of anticancer compounds

“…Algae and seagrasses were amongst the first organisms investigated by marine natural products scientists on their quest for novel pharmaceutical compounds (Fenical and Paul 1984;Fujihara et al 1984;Hirschfield et al 1973;Joseph and Baker 1984;Scheuer 1973). Forty years after the pioneering work in the field of marine drug discovery began, invertebrates and microorganisms have become the major organisms contemplated as sources of marine drug candidates (Pettit et al 2008). Nonetheless, marine plants are still an important source of novel secondary metabolites with interesting biomedical properties.…”