in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).In honor and in memory of Emeritus Professor Richard Neidlein.As a part of our ongoing research program in developing new anticancer agents, herein, we report the synthesis of a series of 2-mercapto-2,3-dihydrobenzoxazole-2-methyl-, -2-thioethyl-, and/or 2-spirothiophenephosphonates. Five of these new compounds that combine three bioactive moieties: oxazole, thiol, and phosphonate motifs, exhibited remarkable growth inhibition against 13 carcinoma cell lines. The results of the experimentally determined log K and clog P values are in agreement with Lipinski Rule >5 and showed a strong correlation with the pharmacological results; nevertheless, it is poorly consisted with calculated log P/Clog P and log P/ACD. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 000, 00 (2016).
INTRODUCTIONCancer disease is initiated by a series of cumulative genetic and epigenetic changes that occur in normal cells and characterized by a number of consecutive abnormal behaviors [1,2]. Taking into account the rising trend of cancer incidences in various organs, effective therapies are urgently needed to control human malignancies. Although a variety of anticancer drugs are currently in clinical use, and can be applied successfully for a treatment of several neoplastic diseases, the response of solid tumors to available anticancer chemotherapy has been poor [3]. Furthermore, almost all of the chemotherapy drugs currently on the market cause serious side effects [4]. Based on these facts, designing of new chemical entities as anticancer agents requires the simulation of a suitable bioactive pharmacophore.In a recent series of papers [5][6][7], we reported the synthesis of 5,7-di-tert-butylbenzoxazoles substituted in the C(2) position with phosphor ester derivatives and the evaluation of their pharmacological properties, especially their cytotoxicity growth inhibition of 50% (GI 50 mg/L) properties. Many of these compounds exhibited moderate to excellent effects against different carcinoma cell lines. It is claimed that the advantage of these compounds is the fact that they possess high lipophilicity, which is considered a useful predictive parameter in the bioactivity. As a follow-up, and in continuing of our running research program [6][7][8][9][10][11], herein, we investigated a microwave-assisted synthesis of new series of 5,7-di-tert-butylbenzoxazoles possess in the C(2) position a mercapto-, thioethyl-, and/or spirothiophene-phosphonates. We presumed that these compounds may have superior antineoplastic potency because of their high hydrophobicity and the incorporation of a thiol-phosphonate-and/or thioether motifs. Sulfur containing organic compounds are extensively useful as anticancer agents [12].
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSynthetic pathways depicted in Schemes 1 and 2 outlined the chemistry of applying a variety of Wadsworth-Horner-Emmons reagents to 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-isothiocyanatophenol. The required isothiocyanate 1 was prepared for the first time according to Wong and Dolman method [13] from its parent ...