Antimycotic activities of Cinnamon-derived compounds against Rhizoctonia solani in vitro

Abstract

In this study, the effects of medicinal plant extracts on the development of mycelium in the following phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated: Phytophthora capsici, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum gloeosprorioides, and Botrytis cinera. Of the 26 medicinal plants tested, six plant extracts showed antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. The highest antifungal activity was exerted against R. solani by the n-hexane fraction of a Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia Blume) solvent extract. Therefore, the antifungal compound fractions I and II were purified from the n-hexane fraction by TLC on silica gel plates. When treated with solutions containing compound fractions I or II at a concentration of 2%, the mycelia growth rate of R. solani was reduced to 0.19 and 0.18, respectively. In addition, microscopic observation of the hyphal morphology of R. solani following treatment with compound fraction I revealed the presence of severely damaged hyphae. Specifically, the hyphal tips became swollen, collapsed or were completely destroyed in response to treatment with solution containing compound fraction I at concentration of 1%.

Bioactivity of seagrass against the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae

“…This might be due to the flavonoid sulfates which inhibits the mosquito larvae alterations in the spiracular valves of the siphon and anal papillae [33,34] . The presence of phenols and reducing sugars are proved to have potential mosquito larvicidal activity [35] . Phenolic groups are highly hydroxylated which includes flavonols, hydroxycoumarins, hydroxycinnamate derivatives, flavanols, flavanones, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, hydroxystilbene, aurones etc.…”

Activity-guided separation of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract reveals fractions with rice disease-reducing properties

“…oryzae (bacterial blight). Plant extracts have been tested previously for direct antimicrobial activities against R. solani and B. oryzae (Khoa et al 2011;Sehajpal et al 2009;Nguyen et al 2009;De Rodríguez et al 2007;Harish et al 2007), but only in vitro, thus excluding other possible mechanisms such as induced resistance. On the other hand, Kagale et al (2004) concluded that a leaf extract from Datura metel not only possessed antimicrobial activity against R. solani, but that it was also able to induce systemic resistance in rice.…”

Farnesol produced by the biocontrol agent Candida ernobii can be used in controlling the postharvest pathogen Penicillium expansum

“…In the previous study, antibiotics purified from biocontrol agents of bacteria have been shown to be effective in controlling postharvest pathogens (Alemu and Alemu, 2013), such as pyrrolnitrin produced by Pseudomonas cepacia was applied in controls gray and green mold on apples and pears (Rinez et al, 2013). Now, some antifungal compounds have been directly utilized for the biocontrol of fungal pathogens (Nguyen et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2012;Fan et al, 2013).…”