Antimycobacterial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) Extracted by Deep Eutectic Solvents

Dheyab, Ali Sami; Kanaan, Mohammed Qahtan; Hussein, Nabeel Abood; AlOmar, Mohamed Khalid; Sabran, Siti Fatimah; Bakar, Mohd Fadzelly Abu

doi:10.3390/separations9100271

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Notably, Rosmarinus officinalis is rich in essential oils which are used in the phytotherapy of Alzheimer's disease through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and the improvement of cognition and memory. Rosemary essential oils are rich in cineole and camphor, which represent a strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as confirmed by earlier works [35][36][37]. Rosemary EOs possess a 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphor, caryophyllene, and D-limonene with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and eco-friendly green pesticide, recorded in the literature [36,37].…”

Section: • Thymus Vulgarissupporting

confidence: 53%

The Impact of Environmental Stress on the Secondary Metabolites and the Chemical Compositions of the Essential Oils from Some Medicinal Plants Used as Food Supplements

et al. 2023

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This study aims to study the impact of environmental stresses on the chemical compositions of essential oils and the content of secondary metabolites of the plants most used by the rural population: Thymus vulgaris, Mentha pulégium and Rosmarinus officinalis. The results of the study indicate that the percentage of secondary metabolites increased in the second year when temperature and water pressure increased by 50%. Specifically, coumarin increased from 3.94% to 9.23%, saponins increased from 6.17% to 7.78%, tannins increased from 2.90% to 6.12%, alkaloids increased from 6.72% to 15.95%, and flavonoids increased from 7.42% to 12.90%. However, in the fourth year, the temperature continued to increase, and water availability decreased by 75%, leading to a decrease in the rate of secondary metabolites. Coumarin decreased from 9.22% to 6.15%, saponin decreased from 7.80% to 6.79%, tannin decreased from 6.11% to 4.16%, alkaloids decreased from 15.95% to 10.45%, and flavonoids decreased from 12.90% to 9.70%. Similar results were observed for the essential oil yield, which increased in year two from 3.57% to 3.84% and decreased in year four to 1.04%. The same pattern was observed for Mentha pulégium and Rosmarinus officinalis. The gas chromatography analysis of the three essential oil samples showed that the majority of the compounds of the three plants were modified under the conditions of climate change. For Mentha pulégium, pulegone was found to represent the highest proportion in sample two (73.3%), followed by sample one (71.1%), and finally, sample three (61.8%). For Rosmarinus officinalis, the majority of compounds were cineole and camphor, with cineole representing 36% in sample two, 45.89% in sample one, and 43.08% in sample three, and camphor representing 21.44% in sample two, 21.56% in sample three, and 17.44% in sample one. For Thymus vulgaris, the majority of the compounds were Thymol and Carvacrol, which underwent approximately the same modifications as the majority of compounds in the other two plants. The results indicate that environmental stresses can lead to significant changes in these compounds, which can affect the medicinal and aromatic properties of these plants. The findings of this study highlight the need for more research to understand the impacts of climate change on plant species and the potential implications for human health and well-being.

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Section: • Thymus Vulgarissupporting

confidence: 53%

The Impact of Environmental Stress on the Secondary Metabolites and the Chemical Compositions of the Essential Oils from Some Medicinal Plants Used as Food Supplements

et al. 2023

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“…Rosemary hydrosol has a natural rosemary fragrance, which can be used as a raw material for the production of cosmetics or facial masks [4]. It has antioxidant [5,6], antibacterial [7,8] and other effects. Tornuk et al [9] used rosemary extract as a food disinfectant in their research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of 24 Trace Aromatic Substances in Rosemary Hydrosol by Dispersed Liquid–Liquid Microextraction–Gas Chromatography

Zeng,

He,

Yuan

et al. 2024

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A combined dispersed liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and chromatography (GC) method was developed for the determination of 24 aromatic substances in rosemary hydrosol in this work. The pretreatment method of DLLME was optimized by carefully selecting the appropriate extraction agents, dispersants, and their respective amounts. With carbon tetrachloride as the extractant and acetone as the dispersant, the enrichment factor of DLLME is 13.3, and the 24 target substances such as eucalyptol, camphor and verbenone can be separated within 31 min and quantified by an external standard method using gas chromatography (GC). The correlation coefficient r2 of the linear regression equation is within the range of 0.9983 to 0.9991. The detection limit of the method was 0.02 mg/L, the recovery rate of the spiked solution was 76.4–118.4%, the relative standard deviation was 0.4–6.9% and the method was used to detect the semi-finished products of rosemary hydrosol and the finished rosemary hydrosol sold on the market. This method also provides a reference for the qualitative and quantitative determination of aromatic substances in other hydrosols.

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Efficient Extraction of Flavonoids from Lotus Leaves by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Its Evaluation on Antioxidant Activities

et al. 2023

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The discovery of a green extraction solvent for natural plants could promote related research. In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were used as green solvents coupled with an ultrasound-assisted extraction method (UAE) to extract flavonoids from lotus leaves. Thirty-four different DES were performed and choline chloride/urea with 40% water was chosen as the most promising one, and the related parameters in the procedures were optimized, resulting in the highest extraction amount of flavonoids in lotus leaves. D-101 was selected from four macroporous resins to separate the flavonoids from DES. Moreover, DES could be recycled and efficiently reused four times with satisfactory performances. In addition, the lotus leaf flavonoids from the DES extract exhibited antioxidant activities in five kinds of assays including DPPH, ABTS, Fe3+ reducing, FRAP, and Fe2+ chelating. It also showed antibacterial activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacterial strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations at 1666 μg/mL and 208 μg/mL, respectively. In the HPLC analysis, the three main components in the DES extract were identified as astragalin, hyperoside, and isoquercitrin. In conclusion, the developed UAE-DES followed by macroporous resin treatment could become an efficient and environmentally friendly extraction and enrichment method for flavonoids from lotus leaves and other natural products.

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Antimycobacterial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) Extracted by Deep Eutectic Solvents

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

The Impact of Environmental Stress on the Secondary Metabolites and the Chemical Compositions of the Essential Oils from Some Medicinal Plants Used as Food Supplements

The Impact of Environmental Stress on the Secondary Metabolites and the Chemical Compositions of the Essential Oils from Some Medicinal Plants Used as Food Supplements

Determination of 24 Trace Aromatic Substances in Rosemary Hydrosol by Dispersed Liquid–Liquid Microextraction–Gas Chromatography

Efficient Extraction of Flavonoids from Lotus Leaves by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Its Evaluation on Antioxidant Activities

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