Antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) leaves on Salmonella typhimurium and Mus musculus.

Akinboro, Akeem; Mohamed, Kamaruzaman Bin; Asmawi, Mohd Zaini; Yekeen, Taofeek A.

doi:10.18388/abp.2014_1846

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…However, most of these studies were considered not relevant, as they were performed with a different test item, i.e. nutmeg seed soaked in distilled water (Alabi et al., 2016), methanolic leaf extract (Akinboro et al., 2014), ethanolic nutmeg seed extract (Mahmoud et al., 1992). Only one study investigated the genotoxicity of nutmeg oil (commercial sample, further details not mentioned) in vitro in an Ames test and a chromosomal aberration test.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Bampidis¹,

Azimonti²,

Bastos³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg oil), when used as a sensory additive in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. The additive contains myristicin (up to 12%), safrole (2.30%), elemicin (0.40%) and methyleugenol (0.33%). For long-living and reproductive animals, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) considered of low concern the use of the additive in complete feed at 0.2 mg/ kg for laying hens and rabbits, 0.3 mg/kg for sows and dairy cows, 0.5 mg/kg for sheep/goats, horses and cats, 0.6 mg/kg for dogs and 2.5 mg/kg for ornamental fish. For short-living animals, the Panel had no safety concern when the additive is used at the maximum proposed use level of 10 mg/kg for veal calves, cattle for fattening, sheep/goats, horses for meat production, and salmon and for the other species, at 3.3 mg/kg for turkeys for fattening, 2.8 mg/kg chickens for fattening, 5.0 mg/kg for piglets, 6.0 mg/kg for pigs for fattening and 4.4 mg/kg for rabbits for meat production. These conclusions were extrapolated to other physiologically related species. For any other species, the additive was considered of low concern at 0.2 mg/kg. The use of nutmeg oil in animal feed was expected to be of no concern for consumers and the environment. The additive should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes and as a skin and respiratory sensitiser. Based on the presence of safrole, nutmeg oil is classified as carcinogen (category 1B) and handled accordingly. Since nutmeg oil was recognised to flavour food and its function in feed would be the same, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Bampidis¹,

Azimonti²,

Bastos³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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“…Further preparations of the slides were done as previously described (Akinboro & Bakare, 2007;Çavuşoğlu et al, 2016;Priyanka et al, 2019. Five slides were observed for the stages of mitosis and chromosomal aberrations induced by each dose of A. vera gel extract in combination with sodium azide (Akinboro et al, 2012;Akinboro et al, 2014;Akinboro et al, 2016). The remaining six onions were suspended in freshly prepared Aloe vera gel extract for another 24 hour root growth.…”

Section: Allium Cepa Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenotoxic potential of gel extract of Aloe vera against Sodium azide genotoxicity in Allium cepa cells

Akinboro

Jimoh

2021

JMHE

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Nowadays, the increasing rate of human exposure to various kinds of environmental mutagens has necessitated the search for natural antimutagens /antigenotoxic agents in natural products. In this study, Aloe vera gel extract was tested for its possible antigenotoxicity following the Allium cepa assay. Ten onions (Allium cepa) per dose were grown for 48 and 72 hours on gel extract of A. vera at 6.25%, 12.5%, 25.0%, 50.0% and 100.0% in combination with sodium azide (0.05mg/ml) solution for microscopic and macroscopic evaluations, respectively. Distilled water and sodium azide were the negative and positive controls, respectively. The cell division in the root tips, and root growth in the exposed A. cepa were inhibited in a dose dependent manner by the mixture of A. vera and sodium azide. However, the mixture of absolute (100.0%) dose and sodium azide completely arrested cell division and induced a lower root length than that recorded for sodium azide alone. The genotoxicity of sodium azide was inversely reduced by the doses of A. vera except at 100.0%. These results show that gel extract of A. vera possesses strong antigenotoxic /antimutagenic potency at lower dose range of 6.25% to 25.0% in A. cepa cells, however, its higher doses above 50.0% to 100.0% could be severely toxic when being considered for suppression of environmental mutagens’ mutagenicity or genotoxicity. This suggests that gel extract of A. vera contains phytochemical(s) that can be useful in the development of anticancer drug.

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“…Nutmeg fruits are used as herbal medicines and spices for the treatment of abdominal pain, diarrhea, oral mucosal diseases, joint pain, and insomnia. Modern scientific research has shown that nutmeg fruits possess various pharmacological activities, including antiinflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, anti-anxiety, liver function improvement, and anti-mutagenic properties [30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectandrin B significantly increases the lifespan of Drosophila - Nectandrin B for longevity

Ahn,

Mahbub,

Kim

et al. 2023

Aging

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Phytochemicals are increasingly recognized in the field of healthy aging as potential therapeutics against various aging-related diseases. Nutmeg, derived from the Myristica fragrans tree, is an example. Nutmeg has been extensively studied and proven to possess antioxidant properties that protect against aging and alleviate serious diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and liver disease. However, the specific active ingredient in nutmeg responsible for these health benefits has not been identified thus far. In this study, we present evidence that Nectandrin B (NecB), a bioactive lignan compound isolated from nutmeg, significantly extended the lifespan of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster by as much as 42.6% compared to the control group. NecB also improved age-related symptoms including locomotive deterioration, body weight gain, eye degeneration, and neurodegeneration in aging D. melanogaster . This result represents the most substantial improvement in lifespan observed in animal experiments to date, suggesting that NecB may hold promise as a potential therapeutic agent for promoting longevity and addressing age-related degeneration.

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Antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) leaves on Salmonella typhimurium and Mus musculus.

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Antigenotoxic potential of gel extract of Aloe vera against Sodium azide genotoxicity in Allium cepa cells

Nectandrin B significantly increases the lifespan of Drosophila - Nectandrin B for longevity

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