Antimutagenic action of mammalian placental extracts on mutations induced in Escherichia coli by UV radiation, γ-rays and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Mochizuki, Hajime; Kada, Tsuneo

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(82)90278-0

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Placenta extract is known to have the actions of anti inflammation, antisunburn, antipigmentation, anti mutagenesis, and antianaphylaxis (1)(2)(3)(4). Moreover, human placenta extract (HPE) has been reported to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases, such as athero sclerosis and edema (5,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

Watanabe

Togashi

Takahashi

et al. 2002

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryAn antioxidant Was purified from human placenta extract (HPE) by using gel fi ltration, liquid-liquid extraction, silicagel column chromatography, and HPLC. The purified antioxidant was identified to be L-tryptophan (L-Trp). L-Trp showed higher inhibitory activ ity than mannitol and DMSO on the Fenton reaction-induced degradation of 2-deoxy-D-ri bose. L-Trp also had much higher inhibitory activity on the cytochrome P-450-dependent lipid peroxidation than the previously identified antioxidants of HPE, L-phenylalanine, L-ty rosine and uracil. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of L-Trp on the Fenton reaction induced protein oxidation was smaller than that of uracil. These results suggest that L-Trp is a main antioxidant of HPE of which the effect is based on the suppression of lipid peroxida tion in the oxidative stress status.

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confidence: 99%

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

Watanabe

Togashi

Takahashi

et al. 2002

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…Placental Extract (presumed active, see Introduction) Mochizuki and Kada (1982) investigated the antimutagenic action of extracts prepared from the placentas of a human, monkey, dog, rat, and mouse. Placentas were washed with potassium chloride, homogenized without buffer, and centrifuged.…”

Section: Human Placental Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Human Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Human Placental Protein, Human Placental Enzymes, Human Placental Lipids, Human Umbilical Extract, Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Placental Protein, Placental Enzymes, Placental Lipids, and Umbilical Extract

2002

Int J Toxicol

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Various proteins, lipids, or other extracts from human or other animal placentas are described as cosmetic ingredients. Human Placental Protein comprises protein derived from human placentas. Placental Protein is derived from animal placentas. Similarly, Human Placental Lipids and Placental Lipids are the lipid fractions from the same source materials. Hydrolyzed Human Placental Protein and Hydrolyzed Placental Protein are produced from the respective protein extracts by acid, enzyme, or other hydrolysis methods. Human Placental Enzymes and Placental Enzymes are enzymes obtained by aqueous extraction of human or other animal placental material. Human Umbilical Extract and Umbilical Extract are unspecified extracts of material from human or other animal umbilical cords. Different materials called Human Placental Extracts and Placental Extracts, assumed to contain estrogenic hormones or other biologically active substances, are not recognized as cosmetic ingredients, even though the use of these ingredients in cosmetics have been reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Human-derived ingredients are prohibited from use under the provisions of the European Union cosmetics directive based on concerns about transmission of human spongiform encephalopathies and viral diseases, for example, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Umbilical Extract has precedent for unrestricted use in Japan, except for certain products. Most of these ingredients are described as hair-conditioning agents and miscellaneous skin-conditioning agents, although the umbilical extracts function as biological additives in cosmetics. Of the human-derived ingredients, only Human Placental Protein is currently reported to be used. Animal-derived placental proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, lipids, and enzymes were all currently reported to be used. No current uses of the umbilical extracts were reported. Most of the available data relates to placental derivatives that appear to have estrogenic or other biological activity. The one clinical study that appears to utilize proteinaceous material only reported no irritant reaction. Clearly, the available data are insufficient to support safety of these ingredients in cosmetics. The additional data needed include (1) skin sensitization at concentration of use; (2) gross pathology and histopathology in skin and other major organ systems associated with repeated exposures, and dermal reproductive and developmental toxicity data; (3) photosensitization; (4) one genotoxicity assay in a mammalian system; if positive, then a 2-year dermal carcinogenicity study using National Toxicology Program (NTP) methods may be needed; (5) ocular toxicity, if available. Any studies should be done on all ingredients unless chemical analysis data show similarity among ingredients. Because there is confusion and concern about the use of substances with estrogenic or other biological activity in cosmetic formulations, it was concluded that none of these ingredients used in cosmetics should deliver any metabolic/endocrine act...

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“…In both rodent and human cells in vitro, placental extract induces significant nitric oxide production, which is an important cellular mediator of tissue repair [5]. Placental extract contains several enzyme inhibitors, anticoagulant proteins, and antioxidants [6–8]. Furthermore, placental extract is a rich source of bioactive molecules such as hormones, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, glycosaminoglycan, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals [2, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Supplement 20070721-GX May Increase CD34⁺Stem Cells and Telomerase Activity

Chiou

Liu

Chen

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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Few rejuvenation and antiaging markers are used to evaluate food supplements. We measured three markers in peripheral blood to evaluate the antiaging effects of a food supplement containing placental extract. Samples were evaluated for CD34+ cells, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and telomerase activity, which are all markers related to aging. To control the quality of this food supplement, five active components were monitored. In total, we examined 44 individuals who took the food supplement from 1.2 months to 23 months; the average number of CD34+ cells was almost 6-fold higher in the experimental group compared with the control group. Food supplement intake did not change serum IGF1 levels significantly. Finally, the average telomerase activity was 30% higher in the subjects taking this food supplement. In summary, our results suggest that the placental extract in the food supplement might contribute to rejuvenation and antiaging.

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Antimutagenic action of mammalian placental extracts on mutations induced in Escherichia coli by UV radiation, γ-rays and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Human Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Human Placental Protein, Human Placental Enzymes, Human Placental Lipids, Human Umbilical Extract, Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Placental Protein, Placental Enzymes, Placental Lipids, and Umbilical Extract

Food Supplement 20070721-GX May Increase CD34⁺Stem Cells and Telomerase Activity

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Antimutagenic action of mammalian placental extracts on mutations induced in Escherichia coli by UV radiation, γ-rays and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

L-Tryptophan as an Antioxidant in Human Placenta Extract.

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Human Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Human Placental Protein, Human Placental Enzymes, Human Placental Lipids, Human Umbilical Extract, Placental Protein, Hydrolyzed Placental Protein, Placental Enzymes, Placental Lipids, and Umbilical Extract

Food Supplement 20070721-GX May Increase CD34+Stem Cells and Telomerase Activity

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Food Supplement 20070721-GX May Increase CD34⁺Stem Cells and Telomerase Activity