Antimony contamination, consequences and removal techniques: A review

Li, Jiayu; Zheng, Bohong; He, Yangzhuo; Zhou, Yaoyu; Chen, Xiao; Ruan, Shan; Yang, Yuan; Dai, Chenwei; Tang, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.024

Cited by 207 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The fitted Sips isotherms revealed that the behavior of Sb adsorption was related to heterogeneous adsorption at low concentration but was similar to the homogenous adsorption at high concentration [26]. The maximum simulated adsorption capacity was 350 mg•g −1 with PFS, 356 mg•g −1 with FC, and 61 mg•g −1 with FeSO 4 for Sb(III), and 264 mg•g −1 with PFS, 306 mg•g −1 with FC, and 43 mg•g −1 with FeSO 4 for Sb(V), which were higher than many other iron-based adsorbents [27,28]. It indicates that the coagulation is potential at removing Sb at high initial concentrations.…”

Section: Adsorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 90%

An Effective Method to Remove Antimony in Water by Using Iron-Based Coagulants

Cheng¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2019

Water

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The effectiveness of antimony (Sb) removal by using iron-based coagulants was investigated in this study. The effects of pH, coagulant types and dose, equilibrium concentration, co-existing humic acid (HA) and anions, and oxidation process were studied. Effective Sb removal was achieved by using Fe(III)-based coagulants. However, the removal efficiency of Sb by using Fe(II)-based coagulants was very low. The removal capacity of Sb fitted the Sips adsorption isotherm well, which revealed that the heterogeneous adsorption process onto the formed hydrous ferric oxide played an important role in Sb removal, and the mechanism was further supported by Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis. Sb removal was inhibited by the presence of HA and phosphate, as well as oxidation and aeration. Therefore, coagulation by using Fe(III)-based coagulants without oxidation is an effective and promising method for removing Sb in aqueous solution.

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Section: Adsorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 90%

An Effective Method to Remove Antimony in Water by Using Iron-Based Coagulants

Cheng¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Although all wells 3, 4, 7, 16, and 18 based on WQI, m-HPI, HEI, NeI, and ERI indices are classified as excellent, very good, low, insignificant, and low, respectively, the concentration of Sb and Se was above the permissible limits for drinking purposes. Antimony is a dangerous substance with chronic toxicity and potential carcinogenicity [70]. Sb poisoning can cause liver cirrhosis, muscle necrosis, nephritis, and pancreatitis.…”

Section: Heavy Metal Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Maskooni

Naseri-Rad

Berndtsson

et al. 2020

Water

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Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid region. The entropy weighted index was used to assess the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Thus, groundwater from 19 sampling sites was used for analyses of physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity—EC, pH, K+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, TDS, NO3−, F−, biochemical oxygen demand—BOD, dissolved oxygen—DO, and chemical oxygen demand—COD) and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Sb, Se, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mn, and Cr). To evaluate the overall pollution status in the region, heavy metal indices such as the modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Nemerow index (NeI), and ecological risks of heavy metals (ERI) were calculated and compared. The results showed that Cd concentration plays a significant role in negatively affecting the groundwater quality. Thus, three wells were classified as poor water quality and not acceptable for drinking water supply. The maximum concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Se, and Sb was higher than permissible limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. However, all wells except one were suitable for agricultural purposes. The advantage of the innovative entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content, is that it permits objectivity when selecting the weights and reduces the error that may be caused by subjectivity. Thus, the new index can be used by groundwater managers and policymakers to better decide the water’s suitability for consumption.

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“…Because of its high toxicity, antimony and its compounds have been classied as the pollutants for priority control by the Environmental Protection Agency of United States (US EPA) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) and the maximum contaminant concentration is strictly set as 6 mg L À1 in drinking water by the US EPA and as 5 mg L À1 by the EEA. 3,4 As the largest antimony producer in the world, 90% of the antimony in the world comes from China; the vast majority of antimony in China was produced in the Lengshuijiang Xikuang area in Hunan province, which is known as 'the antimony capital of the world'. 5 The soil, plants and the Zijiang River near the Xikuang deposits are under the threat of serious antimony pollution caused by antimony mining and processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presently, adsorption, electrochemical methods, biological methods, co-precipitation and coagulation-precipitation are generally used to treat antimony containing waste water. 3 Considering the cost, its application and the secondary pollution, adsorption has been considered as an attractive method because it has been proved to be efficient, cost-effective and simple to perform compared to other methods. 3,8 Nevertheless, the core part of the adsorption techniques is the adsorption material, which is the key factor of the treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%