Antimony and PET bottles: Checking facts

Filella, Montserrat

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127732

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In our initial study in Lake Geneva (Filella & Turner, 2018), we detected the presence of restricted additives, some of which, such as Hg, had been phased out many decades ago. Potentially hazardous chemical elements found in this study seem to be largely absent in common plastic consumer products in Switzerland (which is expected in accordance with current regulations), except in a very few recycled objects (Cd and Pb, with As and Hg entirely absent) (Filella, 2020). This points to long residence times of these items in lakes that considerably exceed hydraulic residence times.…”

Section: Can We Establish the Origins Of Beached Plastics?supporting

confidence: 86%

“…The highest Sb concentration (88,400 ppm) occurred in a Br-free sample of grey PVC ribbon from Lüscherz (Lake Bienne) where it was present, presumably, as a flame retardant synergist for the chlorinated polymer. Antimony was more widely detectable at relatively low concentrations (< 500 ppm) and in the absence of Br which might be attributed to residual, catalytic Sb 2 O 3 used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (Filella, 2020). Amongst the elements analysed, Ba was detected in the most cases ( 340) and across all lakes, with concentrations ranging from 157 to 144,000 ppm.…”

Section: Occurrence and Concentrations Of Hazardous Elementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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What the presence of regulated chemical elements in beached lacustrine plastics can tell us: the case of Swiss lakes

Filella

Rodríguez-Murillo

Turner

2021

Environ Monit Assess

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Plastics (n = 3880) have been sampled from 39 beaches of ten Swiss lakes of varying sizes, hydrodynamics, and catchments, with a selection (n = 598) analysed for potentially hazardous (and regulated) chemical elements (As, Ba, Br, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se) by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Plastic objects and fragments with identifiable or unidentifiable origins were present on all beaches surveyed, and were often most abundant in proximity to major riverine inputs. Chemical elements were detected in between two (Hg) and 340 (Ba) samples with maximum concentrations exceeding 2% by weight for Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Sb. Inter-element relationships and characteristics of the samples suggest that elements are largely present as various additives, including pigments (e.g., Cd2SSe, PbCrO4), stabilizers (in polyvinyl chloride), and flame retardants (Br). Observations are similar to, and complement, those previously reported in Switzerland’s largest lake (Lake Geneva). Comparison of concentrations of targeted chemical elements in beached plastic with currently used plastics illustrate the interest of these types of measurements in providing an insight into the persistence of plastics in standing stocks and in lakes. This information could help to introduce management schemes that consider whether plastic pollution is new or old and act accordingly.

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Section: Can We Establish the Origins Of Beached Plastics?supporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Occurrence and Concentrations Of Hazardous Elementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

What the presence of regulated chemical elements in beached lacustrine plastics can tell us: the case of Swiss lakes

Filella

Rodríguez-Murillo

Turner

2021

Environ Monit Assess

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“…For instance, antimony serves as a catalyst in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) used to produce food containers and bottles [ 4 ]. Importantly, inappropriate storage conditions, mainly exposure to high temperature and prolonged storage, result in antimony leaching from plastic materials and contamination of drinking water and foods [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Unfortunately, accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to antimony leads to various adverse health effects in humans [ 2 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Mechanisms of Antimony Genotoxicity in Budding Yeast Involves Replication and Topoisomerase I-Associated DNA Lesions, Telomere Dysfunction and Inhibition of DNA Repair

Litwin

Mucha

Pilarczyk

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Antimony is a toxic metalloid with poorly understood mechanisms of toxicity and uncertain carcinogenic properties. By using a combination of genetic, biochemical and DNA damage assays, we investigated the genotoxic potential of trivalent antimony in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that low doses of Sb(III) generate various forms of DNA damage including replication and topoisomerase I-dependent DNA lesions as well as oxidative stress and replication-independent DNA breaks accompanied by activation of DNA damage checkpoints and formation of recombination repair centers. At higher concentrations of Sb(III), moderately increased oxidative DNA damage is also observed. Consistently, base excision, DNA damage tolerance and homologous recombination repair pathways contribute to Sb(III) tolerance. In addition, we provided evidence suggesting that Sb(III) causes telomere dysfunction. Finally, we showed that Sb(III) negatively effects repair of double-strand DNA breaks and distorts actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. In sum, our results indicate that Sb(III) exhibits a significant genotoxic activity in budding yeast.

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“…A significant amount of polymeric materials is represented by poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), the production of which is growing every year: 2 million tons/year in 2007 and 10 million tons/year in 2012 (Andrushkiv et al, 2012). Plastic PET bottles are the most common type for packaging soft drinks and water (Filella, 2020). In Ukraine in 2018, out of 203.7 thousand tons of PET bottles that became waste, only 50 thousand tons ended up in waste processing plants (about 25%), the other 75% were buried in landfills (Burak & Kyrychenko, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological and genetic characteristics of Bacillus velezensis bacillibactinproducing strains and their effect on the sulfate-reducing bacteria biofilms on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) surface

Tkachuk

Zelena

Лукаш

et al. 2021

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It was evaluated the antibiofilm-forming properties of NUChC C1 and NUChC C2b isolates (from the collection of the Department of Biology of the T.H. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Colehium") against the sulfate-reducing bacteria biofilms on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) surface. NUChC C1 and NUChC C2b isolates were isolated by classical microbiology methods on Postgate's "B" medium and their cultural-morphological, some physiological-biochemical properties and molecular-genetic characteristics were investigated. To identify bacteria the sequencing and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene were carried out. The bacteria were identified as Bacillus velezensis. Based on PCR-ISSR analysis, it was found that the studied bacteria belong to different strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were submitted in GenBank as MN508954.1 (NUChC C1), MN749356.1 and MN749357.1 (NUChC C2b). In the genome of B. velezensis the presence and transcriptional activity of the genes for the synthesis of bacillibactin (dhbC, dhbF), fengycin (fenA) and polyglutamic acid (epsK) were studied. Among these only genes belonging to bacillibactin synthesis operon were detected and only they demonstrated activity. The observed mode of dhbC and dhbF genes expression during 144 hours of cultivation differed between two B. velezensis strains: gradually increasing in NUChC C1 and sharply increased after 24 hours with decreasing on 144th hour in NUChC C2b. Antagonistic properties of the studied strains of B. velezensis against sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio oryzae NUChC SRB1 and NUChC SRB2 were not observed. Siderophore-producing strains of Bacillus velezensis inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms on the polymeric material poly(ethylene terephthalate) during its long-term exposure (50 days) in a culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria under conditions of sufficient iron supply. Bacillibactin-producing strains prevent the development of bacterial biofilms on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) surface. This is one of the reasons for the prolongation of the process of poly(ethylene terephthalate) biodegradation in natural ecosystems.

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Antimony and PET bottles: Checking facts

Cited by 69 publications

References 65 publications

What the presence of regulated chemical elements in beached lacustrine plastics can tell us: the case of Swiss lakes

What the presence of regulated chemical elements in beached lacustrine plastics can tell us: the case of Swiss lakes

Complex Mechanisms of Antimony Genotoxicity in Budding Yeast Involves Replication and Topoisomerase I-Associated DNA Lesions, Telomere Dysfunction and Inhibition of DNA Repair

Microbiological and genetic characteristics of Bacillus velezensis bacillibactinproducing strains and their effect on the sulfate-reducing bacteria biofilms on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) surface

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