Antimicrobial Use Fell Substantially in Japan in 2020—The COVID-19 Pandemic May Have Played a Role

Ono, Akane; Koizumi, Ryuji; Tsuzuki, Shinya; Asai, Yasufumi; Ishikane, Masahiro; Kusama, Yoshiki; Ohmagari, Norio

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.019

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Regarding antibiotic use in primary care settings, studies reported a substantial drop in the total consumption of antibiotics during the COVID‐19 pandemic when compared to the pre‐COVID‐19 period 22,65–70 . Likewise, the total consumption of antibiotics in the primary care setting in our study was significantly decreased.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

“…spectrum antibiotics during the pandemic. 22 During the pandemic, increased consumption of various antibiotic classes such as thirdgeneration cephalosporins, macrolides, lincosamides and carbapenems was reported in several studies. [23][24][25] The impact of COVID-19 on the WHO AWaRe classification was also reported, of which an increase in the use of Watch antibiotics during the pandemic was observed.…”

Section: What This Study Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerns regarding secondary bacterial infections in COVID‐19 patients may explain the more widespread use of various broad‐spectrum antibiotics during the pandemic 22 . During the pandemic, increased consumption of various antibiotic classes such as third‐generation cephalosporins, macrolides, lincosamides and carbapenems was reported in several studies 23–25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland

Aldeyab

Crowe

Karasneh

et al. 2023

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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AimTo evaluate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the patterns of antimicrobial use and the incidence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland.MethodsData were collected on antibiotic use and Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative pathogens from primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland for the period before (January 2015‐March 2020) and during (April 2020‐December 2021) the pandemic. Time series intervention analysis methods were utilized.ResultsIn the hospital setting, the mean total hospital antibiotic consumption during the pandemic was 1864.5 defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1000 occupied‐bed days (OBD), showing no significant change from pre‐pandemic (P = .7365). During the pandemic, the use of second‐generation cephalosporins, third‐generation cephalosporins, co‐amoxiclav and levofloxacin increased, there was a decrease in the percentage use of the hospital Access group (P = .0083) and an increase in the percentage use of Watch group (P = .0040), and the number of hospital Klebsiella oxytoca and methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus cases increased. In primary care, the mean total antibiotic consumption during the COVID‐19 pandemic was 20.53 DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), compared to 25.56 DID before the COVID‐19 pandemic (P = .0071). During the pandemic, there was a decrease in the use of several antibiotic classes, an increase in the percentage use of the Reserve group (P = .0032) and an increase in the number of community‐onset Pseudomonas aeruginosa cases.ConclusionThis study provides details of both changes in antibiotic consumption and the prevalence of infections in hospitals and primary care before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic that emphasize the importance of antimicrobial stewardship in pandemic situations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

Section: What This Study Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland

Aldeyab

Crowe

Karasneh

et al. 2023

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…The number of healthcare facility visits and the consumption of antimicrobials decreased substantially after the emergence of COVID-19 in Japan. Previous studies reported that the number of outpatient visits decreased by 22% and antimicrobial use decreased by 21% in 2020 compared with 2019 [9] , [10] . In short, the COVID-19 pandemic changed the Japanese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The estimated disease burden of COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2021

Tsuzuki

Beutels

2023

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…MHLW recommended to avoid Three Cs (Closed spaces, Crowded places, and Close-contact settings) to prevent COVID-19 transmission 8 and behaviour of the general population drastically changed. The number of healthcare facility visits and the consumption of antimicrobials decreased substantially after the emergence of COVID-19 in Japan 9,10 . In short, the COVID-19 pandemic changed the Japanese way of life substantially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The estimated disease burden of COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2021

Tsuzuki

Beutels

2022

Preprint

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Background: To date, it is not fully understood to what extent COVID-19 has burdened society in Japan. This study aimed to estimate the total disease burden due to COVID-19 in Japan during 2020-2021. Methods: We stratify disease burden estimates by age group and present it as absolute Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) lost and QALYs lost per 100,000 persons. The total estimated value of QALYs lost consists of (1) QALYs lost brought by deaths due to COVID-19, (2) QALYs lost brought by inpatient cases, (3) QALYs lost brought by outpatient cases, and (4) QALYs lost brought by long-COVID. Findings: QALYs lost due to COVID-19 was estimated as 286,781.7 for two years, 114.0 QALYs per 100,000 population per year. 71.3% of them were explained by the burden derived from deaths. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that the burden of outpatient cases was the most sensitive factor. Interpretation: The large part of disease burden due to COVID-19 in Japan from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2021 was derived from Wave 3, 4, and 5 and the proportion of QALYs lost due to morbidity in the total burden increased gradually. The estimated disease burden was smaller than that in other high-income countries. It will be our future challenge to take other indirect factors into consideration.

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Antimicrobial Use Fell Substantially in Japan in 2020—The COVID-19 Pandemic May Have Played a Role

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland

The estimated disease burden of COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2021

The estimated disease burden of COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2021

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