Antimicrobial Susceptibility/Resistance of Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Abstract

Introduction:Pneumococcal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, whose treatment is threatened with an increase in the number of strains resistant to antibiotic therapy.Goal:The main goal of this research was to investigate the presence of antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance of S. pneumoniae.Material and methods:Taken are swabs of the nose and nasopharynx, eye and ear. In vitro tests that were made in order to study the antimicrobial resistance of pneumococci are: disk diffusion method and E-test.Results:The resistance to inhibitors of cell wall synthesis was recorded at 39.17%, protein synthesis inhibitors 19.67%, folate antagonists 47.78% and quinolone in 1.11%. S. pneumoniae has shown drug resistance to erythromycin in 45%, clindamycin in 45%, chloramphenicol–0.56%, rifampicin–6.11%, tetracycline–4.67%, penicillin-G in 4.44%, oxacillin in 73.89%, ciprofloxacin in 1.11% and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 5.34% of cases.Conclusion:The highest resistance pneumococcus showed to erythromycin, clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and these should be avoided in the treatment. The least resistance pneumococcus showed to tetracycline, rifampicin, chloramphenicol, penicillin-G and ciprofloxacin.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Boreholes and Hand Dug Wells Water in Ngaoundere Municipality of Adamawa Region in Cameroon

“…This is similar to the results obtained by Kandakai and Dido (2009) [5] who demonstrated that Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the pharynx was highly resistance to erythromycine and tetracycline, but susceptible to ciproflolaxcine. These results are also similar to those obtained by Emina et al, (2015) [29], when studying the antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance of S. pneumoniae isolated from the eyes, resistance was highest to erythromycine and lowest at ciproflolaxcine. Multi drug resistance was also noted in Streptococcus pneumoniae (tetracycline; aminoglycosides; netilimcin; Β-lactam; ceftazidime;…”

Signs and symptoms do not predict, but may help rule out acute Q fever in favour of other respiratory tract infections, and reduce antibiotics overuse in primary care

“…Although overall frequency of doxycycline resistance in S. pneumoniae in 2004 was 24%, rates vary widely geographically and over time, and may range from 2% to more than 20%, and more than 60% in penicillin-resistant strains, potentially limiting the use of doxycycline for more severe pneumococcal infections. [34][35][36][37] In our study, the prevalence of pneumonia in subjects tested during wave 1 was 23% overall, but 36% in Q fever positive subjects, which is higher than the 27% rate found in Q fever positive patients from a large 26-year cohort of patients with Q fever from the French National Reference Center for Q fever. [38] Nevertheless, a huge majority of patients in our study had no suspicion of pneumonia and would have had potential bene t from symptom-based exclusion of Q fever.…”

Signs and symptoms do not predict, but may help rule out acute Q fever in favour of other respiratory tract infections, and reduce antibiotics overuse in primary care

“…Although overall frequency of doxycycline resistance in S. pneumoniae in 2004 was 24%, rates vary widely geographically and over time, ranging from 2% to more than 20%, and more than 60% in penicillin-resistant strains, potentially limiting the use of doxycycline for more severe pneumococcal infections. [34][35][36][37] In our study, the prevalence of pneumonia in subjects tested during wave 1 was 23% overall, but 36% in Q fever positive subjects, which is higher than the 27% rate found in Q fever positive patients from a large 26-year cohort of patients with Q fever from the French National Reference Center for Q fever. [38] Nevertheless, a huge majority of patients in our study had no suspicion of pneumonia and would have had potential bene t from symptom-based exclusion of Q fever.…”