Antimicrobial susceptibility of 103 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in Johannesburg

Bilgeri, Y R; Ballard, Ronald C.; Duncan, Mary; Mauff, A C; Koornhof, H. J.

doi:10.1128/aac.22.4.686

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The susceptibilities of H. ducreyi isolates to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (19:1) are similar to the susceptibilities to trimethoprim alone (3,7). The range of susceptibilities of our isolates to trimethoprim suggest that caution should also be exercised in treating individuals with chancroid in the United States with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, particularly in view of the decreased effectiveness of this regimen for treating chancroid in Thailand and perhaps Kenya (10,31).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlation between in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities and beta-lactamase plasmid contents of isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi from the United States

Motley

Sarafian

Knapp

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We determined the susceptibilities of 94 strains of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated in various municipalities in the United States between 1982 and 1989 to the following antimicrobial agents: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim, and spectinomycin. Ceftriaxone (MIC, .0.008 ,g/ml), azithromycin (MIC, <0.125 ,Lg/ml), erythromycin (MIC, .0.125 ,ug/ml), ciprofloxacin (MIC, <0.25 ,ug/ml), and ofloxacin (MIC, .0.25 ,ug/ml) were highly active against all isolates. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (MICs, 0.25 to 8.0 ,ug/ml), trimethoprim (MICs, 0.06 to 16.0 ,ug/ml), and spectinomycin (MICs, 2.0 to .32.0 jLg/ml) were less active against these isolates. Isolates possessing the 5.7-MDa 1-lactamase plasmid were less susceptible to erythromycin, trimethoprim, and spectinomycin than were isolates possessing the 3.2-MDa I5-lactamase plasmid. The susceptibilities of plasmidless isolates to erythromycin, trimethoprim, and spectinomycin were distributed bimodally; the median MIC for the more susceptible plasmidless isolates corresponded to that for isolates with the 3.2-MDa plasmid, and the median MIC for the less susceptible plasmidless isolates corresponded to that for isolates with the 5.7-MDa plasmid. Thus, plasmid profiles may be valuable markers for geographical variations in antimicrobial susceptibilities of H. ducreyi strains that may indicate the relative efficacy of regimens for the treatment of chancroid. Of the regimens recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service for the treatment of chancroid, our results support the use of erythromycin, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, and perhaps ofloxacin, but suggest that amoxicillinclavulanic acid and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim should be used with caution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlation between in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities and beta-lactamase plasmid contents of isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi from the United States

Motley

Sarafian

Knapp

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Thus, this model may be amenable to the study of the pathogenesis of chancroid and the virulence of H. ducreyi. SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING Most of the published studies have used the agar dilution method (18,21,51,53,61,75,123,151,155,164,165) to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of H. ducreyi. However, disk diffusion (27,53) and broth microdilution (84) techniques have also been used.…”

Section: Outer Membrane Proteins and Lpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi

1989

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Haemophilus ducreyi is the causative agent of chancroid, one of the genital ulcerative diseases. H. ducreyi is the major cause of genital ulcer disease in Africa and Southeast Asia and is of increasing concern in the United States. Definitive diagnosis of chancroid requires the isolation and identification of H. ducreyi, but isolation of this organism is difficult and the available medium is not optimal for all strains. Fluorescent antibody and serologic tests are of limited value. In general, our knowledge of this organism is rather limited, and indeed, recent studies have questioned the placement of H. ducreyi in the genus Haemophilus. H. ducreyi has relatively few biochemical activities, and epidemiologic studies are limited because there are limited phenotypic markers available for strain typing. Specific virulence factors of H. ducreyi have yet to be identified. Antimicrobial resistance in H. ducreyi is of special concern, as this organism has acquired both gram-negative and gram-positive resistance determinants. In addition, some of these determinants can be mobilized and transferred to other Haemophilus species or to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

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“…The introduction of these improved isolation techniques has also made it possible to correlate clinical and bacteriologic responses following therapy and to perform in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility tests (6,17,62 (29), all MIC determinations recorded to date have employed the agar dilution method (6,8,18,19,23,26,48,56,58,60,62 (13,19,23,41,50,56,60). The inoculum size ranged from 104 CFU (58) to 105 CFU (6,13,21,23,41,50,56,62), 106 CFU (7,18,22,63), and 107 CFU (66).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most centers have used Mueller-Hinton agar (6,7,56,62) or gonococcal agar-based medium (13,23,41,50,49,58,60) for MIC determinations. Initially, gonococcal agar base was preferred when sulfonamides were being tested (6,8,23,50), but more recently Mueller-Hinton agar base has been used (18,62).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%