Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration of &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; isolated from septic ocular surface disease in different animal species

Leigue, Lucianne; Montiani‐Ferreira, Fabiano; Moore, Brian A.

doi:10.4314/ovj.v6i3.9

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…has frequently been isolated from horses, thereby stressing its importance as an equine pathogen. Pseudomonas resistance has previously been investigated in France and in Brazil but using a limited number of isolates, or mixing isolates from different species . Our study therefore constitutes a major contribution to knowledge about Pseudomonas resistance in horses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Major attention has been paid worldwide to the detection and characterisation of equine pathogens with zoonotic potential, that is Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Conversely, other bacteria such as streptococci are poorly studied despite their importance as equine pathogens, and little is known about their resistances, especially in Europe [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France

Bourély

Cazeau

Jarrige

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Horses are one of the potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants that could be transferred to human subjects. Objective To describe the AMR patterns of major bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France. Study design Retrospective observational study. Methods Data collected between 2012 and 2016 by RESAPATH, the French national surveillance network for AMR, were analysed. Only antimicrobials relevant in veterinary and human medicine for the isolated bacteria were considered. Mono‐ and multidrug resistance were calculated. The resistance proportions of major equine diseases were assessed and compared. Where data permitted, resistance trends were investigated using nonlinear analysis (generalised additive models). Results A total of 12,695 antibiograms were analysed. The five most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pantoea spp. and Klebsiella spp. The highest proportions of resistance to gentamicin were found for S. aureus (22.1%) and Pseudomonas spp. (26.9%). Klebsiella spp. and E. coli had the highest proportions of resistance to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (15.5 and 26.2%, respectively). Proportions of resistance to tetracycline were among the highest for all the bacteria considered. Resistance to third‐generation cephalosporins was below 10% for all Enterobacteriaceae. The highest proportions of multidrug resistance (22.5%) were found among S. aureus isolates, which is worrying given their zoonotic potential. From 2012 to 2016, resistance proportions decreased in Pseudomonas spp. isolates, but remained the same for S. aureus. For Streptococcus spp. and E. coli, resistance proportions to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole increased. Main limitations Since antibiograms are not systematic analyses, any selection bias could impact the results. Conclusions Such studies are essential to estimate the magnitude of the potential threat of AMR to public health, to design efficient control strategies and to measure their effectiveness. These findings may also guide the initial empirical treatment of horse diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France

Bourély

Cazeau

Jarrige

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Secondary bacterial infections are common in keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Carter & Colitz 2002, Messmer 2015, Leigue et al 2016. In general the ocular surface is colonized by commensal bacteria that, together with humoral factors, inhibit colonization by pathogenic microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which corresponds to the lowest antimicrobial concentration capable of inhibiting the development of the bacterium in vitro, is recognized as the most reliable method for selecting antimicrobial drugs to treat eye infections (Andrews 2001, CLSI 2017. Indeed, a recent study reported the MICs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from septic ocular surface disease in different animal species, and MIC results were used to target antimicrobial therapy strategies, focusing on the concentration and frequency of tobramycin application (Leigue et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration of bacteria isolated from the eyes of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca

et al. 2019

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from the eyes of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). We evaluated 65 dogs diagnosed with KCS and 30 healthy dogs (Control Group). Conjunctival swab samples were collected after KCS was diagnosed. Microbiological examinations were performed, including aerobic culture, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination for chloramphenicol, tobramycin, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. MICs of the fifteen most resistant strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (Staphylococcus intermedius Group, SIG) and the fifteen most resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria were determined. By percentage, the microorganisms exhibited the highest susceptibility to polymyxin B, tobramycin and chloramphenicol and the lowest to tetracycline. Three multi-drug-resistant strains of SIG were detected: one displayed isolated susceptibility to cefazolin, another to vancomycin, and another to polymyxin B and amikacin. The species of bacteria isolated from the eyes of dogs with KCS presented variable susceptibility to the antibiotics tested. We found evidence of the emergence of quinolone-resistant strains of SIG and further evidence of increased ocular prevalence. These findings reinforce the need to identify the bacteria involved and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, as secondary infections can serve as exacerbating and perpetuating factors in KCS.

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“…The study by Moore et al 1988 did not find anaerobic bacteria in conjunctival swab cultures in healthy horses [ 5 ]. Damage of the protective barriers of the ocular surface, including injury to the cornea, may lead to the formation of pathological bacterial and fungal flora [ 1 , 9 , 15 ]. Under pathological conditions, commensal flora may become opportunistic (eg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCommensal bacterial and fungal flora of the conjunctival sac has been described in horses and other animals. The identification of commensal flora of the conjunctival sac may aid in the diagnosis of ocular inflammatory diseases, such as conjunctivitis or more severe ulcerative keratitis, common in horses. Moreover, damage of ocular protective barriers may lead to an opportunistic infection. The study was carried out in Silesian horses kept at a single breeding center in South-western Poland, in order to limit any breed-dependant and climate-dependant variables affecting the results. Following an ophthalmic examination that revealed no abnormalities, sterile swabs were collected from conjunctival sac in 26 adult horses and 11 foals. The obtained swabs were subjected to bacterial culture testing. In case of Staphylococcus spp. isolation, susceptibility to methicillin was evaluated.ResultsForty- three bacterial isolates, representing eleven genera of bacteria were cultured from 30 (81%) horses. Gram-positive bacteria were the dominant isolates (72%) (p < 0.001). The most commonly isolated Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus spp., while Moraxella spp. were the most frequently isolated Gram-negative bacteria. There was no significant influence of sex and age on the frequency and type of microbial isolates.ConclusionsCommensal flora is present in the conjunctival sac of healthy horses in Poland. Age does not affect the abundance and type of microbial isolates.

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Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolated from septic ocular surface disease in different animal species

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France

Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration of bacteria isolated from the eyes of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

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