Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Biofilm Forming Non Typhoidal Salmonella enterica Isolates from Poultry and Its Associated Food Products from Pakistan

Siddique, Abubakar; Azim, Sara; Ali, Amjad; Andleeb, Saadia; Ahsan, Aitzaz; Imran, Muhammad; Rahman, Abdur

doi:10.3390/antibiotics10070785

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that infections due to multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovars show more adverse effects than those from sensitive strains as they delay therapy, further endangering patients' lives [74]. All isolates by Siddique et al [24] showed multiple drug resistance and were found to exhibit a high multiple antibiotic-resistant (MAR) index of 0.62 to 0.91, which was higher when compared to our study. The antibiotic-resistant elements in Salmonella serovars have made it more problematic due to the environment's horizontal spread of resistant genes [75].…”

Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…These external virulence factors were hemolysis, lipase, gelatinase, the presence of protease, and DNA degrading activity. A previous study reported a significant linkage between protease production, surface adherence, and pathogenesis [24,26]. Extracellular protease, DNA structure, and lipolytic activity have been reported to correlate positively with biofilm formation [24,26,40].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Once the biofilm is created, it protects the embedded bacteria from external physical and chemical treatment [23], which can ultimately aid its transmission to humans in close contact. Biofilm formation is essential for spreading Salmonella serovars due to their resistance to drugs, disinfectants, and mechanical stress, making these biofilms a safety risk for the food industry [24,25]. Salmonella biofilm capacity has been estimated at a laboratory scale on diverse surface materials [22,23,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification and characterization of MDR virulent Salmonella spp isolated from smallholder poultry production environment in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria

et al. 2023

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Salmonella is responsible for some foodborne disease cases worldwide. It is mainly transmitted to humans through foods of animal origin through the consumption of poultry products. The increased international trade and the ease of transboundary movement could propel outbreaks of local origin to translate into severe global threats. The present study aimed to characterize Salmonella serovars isolated from poultry farms in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. A total of 150 samples (faecal, water and feed) were collected from ten poultry farms between January and August 2020 and analyzed for Salmonella characterization using standard bacteriological and molecular methods. Salmonella serovars identified include: Salmonella Enteritidis [n = 17 (39.5%)], Salmonella Typhimurium [n = 13 (30.2%)] and other Salmonella serovars [n = 13 (30.2%)]. All Salmonella serovars were cefotaxime and ampicillin resistant. The presence of the invA gene ranged from 9(69.2%) to 15(88.2%). The spvC gene ranged from 2(14.4%) to 10(58.8%). All Salmonella serovars had sdiA gene. The Salmonella isolates produced some extracellular virulence factors (such as protease, lipase, β-hemolytic activity, and gelatinase), while 13(30.2%) of the overall isolates formed strong biofilms. In conclusion, the detection of multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella serovars in faecal sources, which also exhibited virulence determinants, constituted a public health risk as these faecal samples have the potential as manure in the growing of crops. These pathogens can be transmitted to humans nearby and through poultry products, resulting in difficult-to-treat infections and economic loss.

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Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and characterization of MDR virulent Salmonella spp isolated from smallholder poultry production environment in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria

et al. 2023

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“…was vancomycin. Several previous studies from developing nations have reported findings that are essentially the same [ 32 ]. An almost identical finding of raw meat samples containing bacteria resistant to cephalosporins was made in a Polish study [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, and Antibiotic Residue in Food from Animal Sources: One Health Food Safety Concern

et al. 2023

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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing foodborne serious illnesses can be found in contaminated food. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the pathogens, genes, and antimicrobial residues present in raw milk and meat. We collected 40 raw milk and 40 beef samples using the aseptic method from various parts of the Faisalabad metropolis, Pakistan. The samples were cultured on blood, MacConkey, and UTI chrome agar. The VITEK 2 compact system was used for microbial identification and determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations. Antimicrobial resistance genes for extended-spectrum β-lactamases, methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, and carbapenem resistance were identified using molecular techniques. ELISA was used to determine the tetracycline residue level in each sample. The beef samples showed polymicrobial contamination with 64 bacterial isolates, with Escherichia coli (29; 45.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11; 17.1%) predominating. The milk samples showed polymicrobial contamination with 73 bacterial isolates, with E. coli (22; 30%), K. pneumoniae (12; 16.4%), and S. aureus (10; 13.6%) forming the majority. Twenty-eight (43.7%) isolates from beef harbored tet genes, nineteen (29.6%) blaCTX-M, and fourteen (21.8%) blaNDM-1, and twenty-six (35.6%) isolates from milk harbored tet genes, nineteen (26%) blaTEM and blaCTX-M, and three (4%) blaNDM-1. Twenty-two (55%) each of the beef and milk samples exceeded the maximum residue limit for tetracycline. Polymicrobial contamination by bacteria possessing blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaNDM-1, blaOXA, mecA, and tet genes was identified in food samples. The high tetracycline residue levels pose a serious health risk to consumers.

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“…Enteritidis FML18, previously isolated from poultry feces, were selected as the test pathogens. Both serovars were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and resistance was observed against third generation cephalosporin and quinolone, as characterized in our previous study [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus reuteri and Enterococcus faecium from Poultry Gut Reduce Mucin Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Salmonella enterica

Siddique

Azim

Ali

et al. 2021

Animals

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Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) can cause infection in poultry, livestock, and humans. Although the use of antimicrobials as feed additives is prohibited, the previous indiscriminate use and poor regulatory oversight in some parts of the world have resulted in increased bacterial resistance to antimicrobials, including cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, which are among the limited treatment options available against NTS. This study aimed to isolate potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains from the poultry gut to inhibit fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistant MDR Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. The safety profile of the LAB isolates was evaluated for the hemolytic activity, DNase activity, and antibiotic resistance. Based on the safety results, three possible probiotic LAB candidates for in vitro Salmonella control were chosen. Candidate LAB isolates were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Lactobacillus reuteri PFS4, Enterococcus faecium PFS13, and Enterococcus faecium PFS14. These strains demonstrated a good tolerance to gastrointestinal-related stresses, including gastric acid, bile, lysozyme, and phenol. In addition, the isolates that were able to auto aggregate had the ability to co-aggregate with MDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. Furthermore, LAB strains competitively reduced the adhesion of pathogens to porcine mucin Type III in co-culture studies. The probiotic combination of the selected LAB isolates inhibited the biofilm formation of S. Typhimurium FML15 and S. Enteritidis FML18 by 90% and 92%, respectively. In addition, the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of the LAB culture significantly reduced the growth of Salmonella in vitro. Thus, L. reuteri PFS4, E. faecium PFS13, and E. faecium PFS 14 are potential probiotics that could be used to control MDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in poultry. Future investigations are required to elucidate the in vivo potential of these probiotic candidates as Salmonella control agents in poultry and animal feed.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Biofilm Forming Non Typhoidal Salmonella enterica Isolates from Poultry and Its Associated Food Products from Pakistan

Cited by 14 publications

References 57 publications

Identification and characterization of MDR virulent Salmonella spp isolated from smallholder poultry production environment in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria

Identification and characterization of MDR virulent Salmonella spp isolated from smallholder poultry production environment in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria

Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, and Antibiotic Residue in Food from Animal Sources: One Health Food Safety Concern

Lactobacillus reuteri and Enterococcus faecium from Poultry Gut Reduce Mucin Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Salmonella enterica

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