Antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from egg layer flocks and egg shells

Pande, Vivek; Gole, Vaibhav C.; McWhorter, Andrea R.; Abraham, Sam; Chousalkar, Kapil K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.025

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar to our findings, S. Typhimurium (30%, 39/130) and S. Infantis (19%, 25/130) were also reported as predominant serovars in a previous study in NSW [13]. Other Australian investigations have also indicated that these two serovars are among the predominant Salmonella serovars in Australian egg farms [9,12,[29][30][31]. The results of a recent Salmonella survey in layer farms in New Zealand revealed that S. Infantis was also the most detected serovar, while S. Typhimurium was the third most detected [14].…”

Section: Diversity Of Salmonella Subtypes Recovered From Environmentasupporting

confidence: 91%

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of Salmonella in commercial layer farming environments of 26 flocks belonging to seven egg businesses (free-range and barn-laid) in Western Australia (WA). Between November 2017 and June 2018, a total of 265 environmental samples of dust, feed, water, pooled feces, and boot swabs were tested for detection of Salmonella according to standard culture-based methods. Isolates were assayed for serovar and subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Salmonella spp. were recovered from 35% (93/265) of all tested samples. Dust (53.8%, 28/52) and pooled fecal (54.5%, 18/33) samples provided the highest Salmonella recovery rates. Nine different Salmonella serovars were characterized across the positive (n = 93) environmental samples, of which S. Typhimurium (60/93, 64.5%) and S. Infantis (21/93, 22.5%) were the most prevalent. MLST revealed that all S. Typhimurium isolates were of sequence type ST-19. Microbiological screening of Salmonella was not routinely practiced in any of the surveyed egg businesses. Some of the egg businesses exhibited variable levels of compliance with basic biosecurity measures as well as high-risk egg handling practices. Egg businesses in WA should be encouraged to adopt a voluntary program of environmental sampling and verification testing for Salmonella. Such voluntary programs will aid in supporting solutions for the management of this pathogen in the human food chain.

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Section: Diversity Of Salmonella Subtypes Recovered From Environmentasupporting

confidence: 91%

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

et al. 2020

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“…The variable parts of integrons might be composed of variants of aad, dfr, or bla genes that contribute to aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, and cephalosporin resistance, respectively (10,61). S. enterica serotype Worthington detected in our study is commonly found in poultry, poultry products, and the environment in several parts of the world and harbors integrons either on the chromosome or plasmids (62,(64)(65)(66). The presence of genetic elements such as integrons, transposons, and plasmids has consequently been associated with multidrug resistance phenotypes among Salmonella isolates (10).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 84%

Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Pornsukarom

Thakur

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study was to characterize the plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants in multiple Salmonella serotypes recovered from the commercial swine farm environment after manure application on land. Manure and soil samples were collected on day 0 before and after manure application on six farms in North Carolina, and sequential soil samples were recollected on days 7, 14, and 21 from the same plots. All environmental samples were processed for Salmonella, and their plasmid contents were further characterized. A total of 14 isolates including Salmonella enterica serotypes Johannesburg (n ϭ 2), Ohio (n ϭ 2), Rissen (n ϭ 1), Typhimurium var5Ϫ (n ϭ 5), Worthington (n ϭ 3), and 4,12:i:Ϫ (n ϭ 1), representing different farms, were selected for plasmid analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by broth microdilution against a panel of 14 antimicrobials on the 14 confirmed transconjugants after conjugation assays. The plasmids were isolated by modified alkaline lysis, and PCRs were performed on purified plasmid DNA to identify the AMR determinants and the plasmid replicon types. The plasmids were sequenced for further analysis and to compare profiles and create phylogenetic trees. A class 1 integron with an ANT(2Љ)-Ia-aadA2 cassette was detected in the 50-kb IncN plasmids identified in S. Worthington isolates. We identified 100-kb and 90-kb IncI1 plasmids in S. Johannesburg and S. Rissen isolates carrying the bla CMY-2 and tet(A) genes, respectively. An identical 95-kb IncF plasmid was widely disseminated among the different serotypes and across different farms. Our study provides evidence on the importance of horizontal dissemination of resistance determinants through plasmids of multiple Salmonella serotypes distributed across commercial swine farms after manure application. IMPORTANCEThe horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants located on plasmids is considered to be the main reason for the rapid proliferation and spread of drug resistance. The deposition of manure generated in swine production systems into the environment is identified as a potential source of AMR dissemination. In this study, AMR gene-carrying plasmids were detected in multiple Salmonella serotypes across different commercial swine farms in North Carolina. The plasmid profiles were characterized based on Salmonella serotype donors and incompatibility (Inc) groups. We found that different Inc plasmids showed evidence of AMR gene transfer in multiple Salmonella serotypes. We detected an identical 95-kb plasmid that was widely distributed across swine farms in North Carolina. These conjugable resistance plasmids were able to persist on land after swine ma-

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“…Salmonella is one of the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide (Galiş et al, ; Howard, O'Bryan, Crandall, & Ricke, ; Whiley & Ross, ). Consumption of contaminated food products is one of the most prevalent sources of Salmonella infection (Hur, Kim, Choi, & Lee, ; Pande, Gole, McWhorter, Abraham, & Chousalkar, ). According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control report, in 2015 a total of 94,625 salmonellosis cases were reported by 28 EU countries at a rate of 21.2 cases per 100,000 population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of pectin‐alginate and pectin‐alginate‐laurolyl arginate ethyl coatings to eliminate Salmonella enteritidis cross contamination in egg shells

Leo

Quartieri

Haghighi

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Safety

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This study highlights the potential application of pectin‐alginate blend (PA) and pectin‐alginate‐LAE blend (PAL) coatings to eliminate Salmonella enteriditis 10,118 cross‐contamination without changing the shelf‐life of fresh eggs and their physico‐chemical properties during storage at 7 °C for 42 days. Egg shells were dipped in a solution of Salmonella enteritidis 10,118 with a concentration of 7 x 106 cfu/ml to assess Salmonella cross‐contamination. PA and PAL coatings did not have a significant effect on shelf‐life based on physico‐chemical properties. The egg shells treated with PA and PAL coatings had a significantly lower microbial population compared to the uncoated egg shells. PA and PAL coatings effectively inhibited the growth of Salmonella after 1 and 7 days of storage, respectively. In addition, no outgrowth was observed up to 42 days. Practical applications This study highlights the results of coating applications on eggs to enhance food safety. In the food industry, the only technology applied to eggs is brushing, however, this technique does not eliminate the safety risks such as Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria. The coating enhances the shelf‐life of eggs and their safety in terms of human consumption, by blocking the horizontal cross‐contamination. Our results can be integrated with other studies to bring this technology from the lab to the egg industry.

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Antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from egg layer flocks and egg shells

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Application of pectin‐alginate and pectin‐alginate‐laurolyl arginate ethyl coatings to eliminate Salmonella enteritidis cross contamination in egg shells

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