Antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus sp. isolated from the intestinal tract of patients from a university hospital in Brazil

Maschieto, Andresa; Martínez, Roberto; Palazzo, Izabel Cristina Vanzato; Darini, Ana Lúcia da Costa

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762004000700018

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Maschieto et al reported that the distribution of Enterococcus spp. isolated from the intestinal tracts of patients referred to a university affiliated hospital in Brazil was E. faecium (34%) followed by E. faecalis (33%), E. gallinarum (23.7%), E. casseliflavus (5.2%), E. avium (1%) and E. hirae (1.2%) (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus spp. Isolated From Clinical Samples of Milad Hospital of Tehran, Iran

Arbabi

Boustanshenas

Rahbar

et al. 2016

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Enterococcus spp. are part of the normal flora of humans and animals. The nosocomial pathogenicity of Enterococcus spp. has emerged in recent years and has caused great concern due to developing of resistance to many antimicrobial agents. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the resistance pattern and the type of virulence genes in Enterococcus spp. isolated from Milad hospital of Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: The current observational study was conducted from Apr 2014 to Feb 2015 on a total of 149 Enterococcus species isolated from Milad hospital in Tehran, Iran. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacteria was determined by the disc diffusion method for eight antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin was also done using agar-dilution assay by clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) recommendations. The sodA, esp, cyl, ace and gelE genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: About 37.5%, 73%, 86.6%, 35.8%, 69%, 60.8%, 45% and 79% of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin, tetracycline, gentam-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus spp. Isolated From Clinical Samples of Milad Hospital of Tehran, Iran

Arbabi

Boustanshenas

Rahbar

et al. 2016

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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show abstract

“…isolated from the intestinal tracts of patients from a university hospital in Brazil was E. faecium (34%), followed by E. faecalis (33%), E. gallinarum (23.7%), E. casseliflavus (5.2%), E. avium (1%), and E. hirae (1%) [13]. In China, E. faecium and E. faecalis were also found to be predominant in the enterococci isolated from clinical specimens [14,15,16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus Species: A Hospital-Based Study in China

Jia

Wang

2014

IJERPH

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Objective: to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus species isolated from a university hospital, and explore the mechanisms underlying the antimicrobial resistance, so as to provide clinical evidence for the inappropriate clinical use of antimicrobial agents and the control and prevention of enterococcal infections. Methods: a total of 1,157 enterococcal strains isolated from various clinical specimens from January 2010 to December 2012 in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were identified to species level with a VITEK-2 COMPACT fully automated microbiological system, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus species was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The multiple-drug resistant enterococcal isolates were screened from the clinical isolates of Enterococcus species from the burns department. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Enterococcus species to the three fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin was determined with the agar dilution method, and the changes in the MIC of Enterococcus species to the three fluoroquinolones following reserpine treatment were evaluated. The β-lactam, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolide, glycopeptide resistance genes and the efflux pump emeA genes were detected in the enterococcal isolates using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: the 1,157 clinical isolates of Enterococcus species included 679 E. faecium isolates (58.7%), 382 E. faecalis isolates (33%), 26 E. casseliflavus isolates (2.2%), 24 E. avium isolates (2.1%), and 46 isolates of other Enterococcus species (4%). The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance varied significantly between E. faecium and E. faecalis, and ≤1.1% of these two Enterococcus species were found to be resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin or linezolid. In addition, the Enterococcus species isolated from different departments of the hospital exhibited various resistances to the same antimicrobial agent, while reserpine treatment reduced the resistance of Enterococcus species to ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin. The β-lactamase gene TEM, aminoglycoside-modifying-enzyme genes aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-III, ant(6)-I and ant(2")-I, tetracycline resistance gene tetM, erythromycin resistance gene ermB, vancomycin resistance gene vanA and the enterococcal multidrug resistance efflux emeA gene were detected in 77%, 62%, 26%, 13%, 36%, 31%, 66%, 5% and 55% of the 100 multiple-drug resistant enterococcal isolates. Conclusions: similar to previous findings, E. faecium and E. faecalis are predominant conditionally pathogenic bacteria that cause hospital-acquired infections that can cause urinary and respiratory system infections. Multiple and high-level antimicrobial resistance is highly prevalent in the hospital isolates of Enterococcus species. Reserpine treatment inhibits the active efflux of Enterococcus species to ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in vitro and reduces the MIC of Enterococcus species...

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“…In another study 13 clinical isolates of enterococci (13.4%) showed multi-resistance patterns (Maschieto et al, 2004). Studies on Japanese and American isolates of VRSA showed that the mechanism of resistance appears to be different from vancomycin resistance in VRE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Vancomycin Sensitivity of Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Patients in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

et al. 2012

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resistant to all antibiotics including vancomycin, has been reported in Japan, USA, Canada and Brazil. Hence, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the possible presence of vancomycin resistant or intermediate Stap. aureus in Dhaka. A total of 122 clinical isolates were collected from different hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centers of the city for about 12 months starting from August 2010 to July 2011.They were identified using standard bacteriological methods. Sensitivity to recommended antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. In the present study 74% of total isolates were found to be betalactamase producers by iodometric methods, whereas with Nitrocefin ® sticks 80% of the isolates were found to be beta-lactamase producers. All the multiple drug resistant strains were beta-lactamase producers. Out of 122 isolates, although no strains were found vancomycin resistant, 93.44% were found intermediate and only 6.56% showed sensitivity. This study reveals the growing antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh and refers not to use the antimicrobial drugs that show insufficient sensitivity against Stap. aureus to prevent resistance and associated treatment failure.

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Antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus sp. isolated from the intestinal tract of patients from a university hospital in Brazil

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus spp. Isolated From Clinical Samples of Milad Hospital of Tehran, Iran

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus spp. Isolated From Clinical Samples of Milad Hospital of Tehran, Iran

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus Species: A Hospital-Based Study in China

Vancomycin Sensitivity of Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Patients in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

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