Antimicrobial resistance in urban river ecosystems

Reddy, Sagar Mallikethi Lepakshi; Kaur, Kawaljeet; Barathe, Pramod; Shriram, Varsha; Govarthanan, M.; Kumar, Vinay

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2022.127135

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Zhang et al (2015) reported that over 68% of total antibiotic usage in China in 2013 was excreted by humans and animals, leading to around 53,800 tons of antibiotics entering the environment through various wastewater treatment processes (Zhang et al, 2015). Urban water ecosystems have been identified as potential hotspots for the spread of ARBs in China (Hou et al, 2021; Reddy et al, 2022). The continuous selective pressure exerted by antibiotic residues, even at sub-inhibitory concentrations, in combination with the diverse and dense microbial communities sustained by nutrient-rich environments, creates favorable conditions for the dissemination and proliferation of antibiotic resistance (Rizzo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban non-point source pollutants increases the biotic homogenization of the structure and function in river microbiome

Li,

Fan,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Rivers have been a preferred location for human settlements throughout history. Comparing the bacterial and archaeal communities in highly human-impacted areas and undisturbed pristine nature reserves could expand our understanding of the mechanisms of river ecosystem responses to environmental changes resulting from anthropogenic contaminants. In this study, 24 urban and 28 nature reserve river sediment samples were collected in a highly connected river network spanning ∼400 km, and their geobiochemistry profiles and microbial populations were investigated. The data showed that human activities had discharged significant amounts of nutrients and even exotic microorganisms into the river, resulting in significant changes in the microbial community and potential function, including an increase in pathogens, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and PAHs-degrading bacteria. Environmental selection was more important than dispersal limitation in the river network, and environmental factors were the best predictors of the variation observed between microbial communities. Specifically, homogeneous selection imposed by anthropogenic pollution stress lead to higher microbial diversity but a lower habitat niche breadth in urban river areas. Collectively, the study suggests that community composition and diversity dynamics of the river network are not random but driven by environmental factors. The natural buffering capacity of highly connected river network ecosystems is unable to fully resist the impacts from human activity pressures.HighlightIncreased bacterial and archaeal diversity was provoked by multiple anthropogenic pollutants in the river network.Sewage discharge and high nitrogen loadings reshaped the microbial composition in urban areas. Homogeneous selection imposed by anthropogenic pollution stress primarily shaped assembly of bacterial and archaeal.Environmental factors contribute more to the microbial variation than dispersal in the study area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban non-point source pollutants increases the biotic homogenization of the structure and function in river microbiome

Li,

Fan,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…However, the majority of AMR research, practice, and guidance focuses on humans, domestic animals such as livestock and pets, crops, and the environments in which these species live (Auta et al, 2019;Cavicchioli et al, 2019;Holmes, Moore, et al, 2016;Reddy et al, 2022;Van Boeckel et al, 2015;Vikesland et al, 2019).…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a form of human–wildlife conflict: Why and how nondomesticated species should be incorporated into AMR guidance

Mitchell

2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to receive significant global attention as common infections become increasingly resistant to the drugs used to treat them. Once an infectious microbe has developed a mechanism of resistance, it can cause longer, more damaging infections which are more costly, time‐consuming, and sometimes impossible to treat. Such impacts occur across the health of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Thus, AMR is considered a One Health issue. However, current narratives on AMR focus on humans, food‐producing animals, crops, and their immediate environments. Very little attention is given to wildlife in terms of the impact of AMR on their health, nor their role in the evolution and spread of AMR. This article (1) discusses an absence of wildlife in current AMR guidance, (2) suggests how this absence of wildlife could limit understanding of, and action on, AMR, (3) proposes that considering AMR as a form of human–wildlife conflict could enable AMR guidance to better incorporate wildlife into action planning and create a truly One Health approach to tackle AMR.

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“…Bacteria can form biofilms approximately 65% of microbial infections in the body 24 . Conventional antibiotic therapy for P. aeruginosa , S. aureus , and A. hydrophila are difficult, due to the development of biofilm with exopolysaccharide (EPS) production 25 . The microorganisms are resistant to antibiotics, and it has been a challenging task for prophylactic measures 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesized AgNPs, CuONPs, and Ag‐CuO NCs to effective antibiofilm activities and their potential application in aquaculture

Manikandan,

Arumugam,

Abdul

et al. 2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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The expanded emergence of drug‐resistant microbes remains a concern to the scientific community in developing effective therapeutics. Approach of green chemistry based nanomaterials fabrication is in high demand, due to biocompatibility, non‐toxic, and high surface area that adheres more biomolecules on surface. Green fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), and silver–copper oxide nanocomposites (Ag‐CuO NCs) were characterized by fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and thermogravimetric (TG)/differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. Antibiofilm potential of green fabricated AgNPs, CuONPs, and Ag‐CuO NCs was tested against aquatic pathogenic microorganisms such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. This present study deals with bacterial growth rate, biofilm inhibition, and antibiofilm architecture of AgNPs, CuONPs, and Ag‐CuO NCs under the visualization of confocal laser scanning electron microscopy (CLSM). The FE‐SEM technique was used to observe dense and compact structure (control without NPs treatment) with treatment of NPs that showed reduced amount of cell population in A. hydrophila, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus. The effective antibiofilm inhibition of Ag‐CuO NCs was achieved by reducing micro‐colonies compared with AgNPs and CuONPs. The AgNPs, CuONPs, and Ag‐CuO NCs demonstrated antibiofilm properties against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, indicating a combinatorial effect of green fabricated NPs in combination with plant metabolites against pathogenic bacteria. As a result, aforementioned nano‐product merits further investigation in order to be used as a potent adjuvant therapy as antagonistic toward various bacterial diseases in aquaculture.

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Antimicrobial resistance in urban river ecosystems

Cited by 36 publications

References 127 publications

Urban non-point source pollutants increases the biotic homogenization of the structure and function in river microbiome

Urban non-point source pollutants increases the biotic homogenization of the structure and function in river microbiome

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a form of human–wildlife conflict: Why and how nondomesticated species should be incorporated into AMR guidance

Green synthesized AgNPs, CuONPs, and Ag‐CuO NCs to effective antibiofilm activities and their potential application in aquaculture

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