Antimicrobial resistance in &lt;i&gt;Enterococcus faecium&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Enterococcus faecalis&lt;/i&gt; isolates of swine origin from eighteen provinces in China

Xuan, Huiyong; Yao, Xiaohui; Pan, Ruyi; Gao, Yun; Wei, Jianchao; Shao, Donghua; Liu, Ke; Li, Zongjie; Qiu, Yafeng; Ma, Zhiyong; Li, Beibei; Xia, Lining

doi:10.1292/jvms.21-0413

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The comparison of bacterial composition among individuals showed that the most dominant species were E. faecalis in six pigs, E. hirae in four pigs, and both E. faecium and E. villorum in one pig. In previous studies, E. faecium was detected at extremely high frequencies, while E. faecalis was detected most frequently in the present study [39,40]. However, results were consistent with E. faecalis, E. faecium, and E. hirae being identified as the top three species.…”

Section: Identification Of Enterococcal Species In Each Hostsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diversity of Fecal Indicator Enterococci among Different Hosts: Importance to Water Contamination Source Tracking

Tamai,

Suzuki

2023

Microorganisms

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Enterococcus spp. are common bacteria present in the intestinal tracts of animals and are used as fecal indicators in aquatic environments. On the other hand, enterococci are also known as opportunistic pathogens. Elucidating their composition in the intestinal tracts of domestic animals can assist in estimating the sources of fecal contamination in aquatic environments. However, information on the species and composition of enterococci in animal hosts (except humans) is still lacking. In this study, enterococci were isolated from the feces of cattle, pigs, birds, and humans using selective media. Enterococcal species were identified using mass spectrometry technology, and each host was characterized by diversity and cluster analysis. The most dominant species were E. hirae in cattle, E. faecium in birds, and E. faecalis in pigs and humans. Cattle had the highest alpha diversity, with high interindividual and livestock farm diversity. The dominant enterococcal species in pigs and humans were identical, and cluster analysis showed that the majority of the two hosts’ species clustered together.

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Section: Identification Of Enterococcal Species In Each Hostsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diversity of Fecal Indicator Enterococci among Different Hosts: Importance to Water Contamination Source Tracking

Tamai,

Suzuki

2023

Microorganisms

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“…Doxycycline is the preferred treatment for Rickettsiae and Ehrlichiae in small animals, as opposed to oxytetracycline [42,44]. Resistance to tetracyline in Enterococcus isolates was consistent with current results, which revealed a high resistant rate [1,4,45], but a higher prevalence of tetracycline-resistant E. faecalis was obtained in the present study [46][47][48]. A study conducted in Tunisia between September 2011 and December 2011 showed that E. hirae species isolated from animal stools were resistant to tetracyclines, in accordance with this study [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Enterococci in Ruminant Carcasses at a Slaughterhouse: Prevalence, Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance in Turkey

Cebeci

2024

Preprint

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Enterococci are widely acknowledged as prominent pathogens in hospitals, with the potential to transfer resistance genes, virulence factors, or other characteristics that increase their ability to survive in humans. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Enterococcus species in healthy sheep, goat, and cattle carcasses, as well as to analyze the antimicrobial resistance phenotype/genotype and the virulence gene content. During 2019–2020, carcass surface samples of 150 ruminants were collected in a slaughterhouse. A total of 90 enterococci, comprising 5 species, were obtained. The overall prevalence of enterococci was found to be 60%, out of which 37.7% were identified as E. hirae, 33.3% as E. casseliflavus, 15.5% as E. faecium, 12.2% as E. faecalis, and 1.1% as E. gallinarum. Virulence-associated genes of efaA (12.2%) were commonly observed in the Enterococcus isolates, followed by gelE (3.3%), asaI (3.3%), and ace (2.2%). Characteristic resistance genes were identified by PCR with an incidence of 6.6%, 2.2%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 1.1%, and 1.1% for the tetM, ermB, ermA, aac(6’)Ie-aph(2")-la VanC1, and VanC2 genes, respectively. The high resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin (28.8%), tetracycline (21.1%), ampisilin (20%), and rifampin (15.5%) was distributed among two, four, four, and five of the five species, respectively. The resistance of Enterococcus isolates to 11 antibiotic groups was determined and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains occupied 18.8% of the Enterococcus isolates. The study's results showed that there were enterococci in the slaughterhouse that were multidrug resistant (MDR) and had a number of genes linked to virulence that could be harmful to human health.

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“…The acquisition of resistance genes through HGT, the development of chromosomal mutations, and the activation of efflux pumps that can expel antibiotics from the bacterial cell are some mechanisms that contribute to AMR [ 61 , 62 ]. To our knowledge, vancomycin has traditionally been an effective antibiotic for treating Enterococcus infections, including for vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VRE); however, the emergence of VRE strains requires the use of alternative antibiotics, such as daptomycin, linezolid, and tigecycline [ 63 ].…”

Section: Priority Pathogens In Food-producing Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Silent Threat: Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Food-Producing Animals and Their Impact on Public Health

Almansour,

Alhadlaq,

Alzahrani

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem without geographic boundaries. This increases the risk of complications and, thus, makes it harder to treat infections, which can result in higher healthcare costs and a greater number of deaths. Antimicrobials are often used to treat infections from pathogens in food-producing animals, making them a potential source of AMR. Overuse and misuse of these drugs in animal agriculture can lead to the development of AMR bacteria, which can then be transmitted to humans through contaminated food or direct contact. It is therefore essential to take multifaceted, comprehensive, and integrated measures, following the One Health approach. To address this issue, many countries have implemented regulations to limit antimicrobial use. To our knowledge, there are previous studies based on AMR in food-producing animals; however, this paper adds novelty related to the AMR pathogens in livestock, as we include the recent publications of this field worldwide. In this work, we aim to describe the most critical and high-risk AMR pathogens among food-producing animals, as a worldwide health problem. We also focus on the dissemination of AMR genes in livestock, as well as its consequences in animals and humans, and future strategies to tackle this threat.

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Antimicrobial resistance in <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolates of swine origin from eighteen provinces in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Diversity of Fecal Indicator Enterococci among Different Hosts: Importance to Water Contamination Source Tracking

Diversity of Fecal Indicator Enterococci among Different Hosts: Importance to Water Contamination Source Tracking

Enterococci in Ruminant Carcasses at a Slaughterhouse: Prevalence, Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance in Turkey

The Silent Threat: Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Food-Producing Animals and Their Impact on Public Health

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