Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review

Alharbi, Yasir; Bagar, Abdulrahman; Kurdi, Alaa; Boudal, Ethar; Aman, Fahad; Alharbi, Malak; Ghalilah, Khalid

doi:10.24911/ijmdc.51-1576135858

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“…Samples were collected from different infection sites including sputum (28.6%), urine (23.8%), blood (21.4%), burn wound swab (16.7%), and surgical wound swab (9.5%). This agreed with the review of Alharbi et al 6 which reported that the most common site of infection in patients admitted to general ICUs was respiratory tract, followed by urinary tract infections and bloodstream infections. The predominant species, isolated during the present study, were A. baumannii (18 isolates, 42.9%) followed by K. pneumoniae (16 isolates, 38.1%), E. coli (6 isolates, 14.3%) and P. stuartii (2 isolates, 4.7%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Characterization of β-Lactamase Genes among Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae Species Causing Infections in Critically Ill Patient

Khalifa

Aljahdali²,

Alghamdi³

et al. 2023

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background: Multidrug resistant infection is the leading cause of ICU morbidity and mortality. Gram-negative bacilli are the most prevalent pathogens with Acinetobacter being the most resistant. Objectives: Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug-and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae species causing infections in critically ill patients with detection of targeted β-lactamase genes and its impact on patients' morbidity and mortality. Methodology: Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done. Genes for class A and class B β-lactamases were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 5 carbapenemases genes were detected by real time PCR using GeneXpert Carba-R system. Results: 16.6 % of A. baumannii were MDR, 50% were XDR, 50% of K. pneumoniae were XDR and 100% of P. stuartii were XDR. Detected genes included bla SHV , bla CTX-M , bla GIM-1 , bla SIM-1 , bla OXA-48 and bla NDM-1 . Conclusion: MDR/XDR infections had a significant impact on patients' mortality. Molecular epidemiology is crucial to guide infection control committees about preventive measures that can contain MDR/XDR infections and prevent their detrimental effect on patients' outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…GN bacteria have increasingly become a factor in sepsis due to the widespread use of antibiotics 5 . GN bacilli were found to be the most common bacterial strains in ICUs in Saudi Arabia with Acinetobacter being classified as the most resistant strain 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%