Antimicrobial resistance genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia and Mugil fish farms in Kafr-Elsheikh governorate, Egypt

Abstract

The progressive expansion of aquaculture practices led to the development of bacterial disease outbreaks, otherwise, the continuous and extensive use of antibiotics to overcome these diseases. The objective of our study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility and antibiotic resistance genes of Vibrio parahemolyticus (V. parahemolyticus) and Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) species isolated from Nile tilapia and Mugil fish farms in Kafr El-Sheikh province, Egypt. A total of 100 clinically diseased fish were bacteriologically examined. The result recorded65 isolates of Vibrio species and V. parahemolyticus was isolated with an incidence of 55.4%. Out of 100 examined fish samples 72 Aeromonas species were isolated, A. hydrophila was isolated with an incidence of 99.3 %. Vibrio parahemolyticus showed high resistance for amoxicillin and colistin followed by cefotaxime and streptomycin. Meanwhile, A. hydrophila were highly resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline followed by streptomycin, cefotaxime, and colistin. Five isolates of V. Parahemolyticus and A. hydrophila were screened using PCR for detection of 4 antibiotic resistance genes β-lactamase resistance gene (blaTEM); aminoglycosides (aadA1); tetracycline-resistant A tetA (A) and polymyxin resistance (mcr1) which were distinguished in all five V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila isolates. The high detection of V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila antibiotic resistance genes in our study could pose a potential economic problem as it may overlap the control of fish diseases and hence the economy.