Antimicrobial resistance and universal health coverage

Bloom, Gerald; Merrett, Gemma Buckland; Lin, Vivian; Paulin, Sarah

doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000518

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…To combat this emerging global threat in a comprehensive manner, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a Global Action Plan (GAP) in 2015 based on a 'One Health' approach-emphasizing the interdependence of human health, animal health, and the environment [2]. Recently, the interconnectedness of combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by 2030 has also been emphasized [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh: A scoping review of policy and practice in human, animal and environment sectors

et al. 2020

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Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become an emerging issue in the developing countries as well as in Bangladesh. AMR is aggravated by irrational use of antimicrobials in a largely unregulated pluralistic health system. This review presents a 'snap shot' of the current situation including existing policies and practices to address AMR, and the challenges and barriers associated with their implementation. Methods A systematic approach was adopted for identifying, screening, and selecting relevant literature on AMR situation in Bangladesh. We used Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Biomed Central databases for searching peer-reviewed literature in human, animal and environment sectors during January 2010-August 2019, and Google for grey materials from the institutional and journal websites. Two members of the study team independently reviewed these documents for inclusion in the analysis. We used a 'mixed studies review' method for synthesizing evidences from different studies. Result Of the final 47 articles, 35 were primary research, nine laboratory-based research, two review papers and one situation analysis report. Nineteen articles on human health dealt with prescribing and/or use of antimicrobials, five on self-medication, two on non-compliance of dosage, and 10 on the sensitivity and resistance patterns of antibiotics. Four papers focused on the use of antimicrobials in food animals and seven on environmental

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh: A scoping review of policy and practice in human, animal and environment sectors

et al. 2020

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“…Infection transmission is also more prevalent in childhood due to close physical contact, scarce use of coughing/sneezing etiquette, etc . Antimicrobial resistance is considered as an important public health issue, and rational use is a factor that may restrain this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐national comparison of paediatric antibiotic use in Norway, Portugal and Hungary

Benkő

Matuz

Silva³

et al. 2019

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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A cross‐national comparison was performed on paediatric (0‐19 years) antibiotic use in Hungary, Norway and Portugal to explore and compare the scale and pattern of paediatric antibiotic use in these three European countries. Ambulatory care systemic antibiotic use (ATC: J01) was retrieved from national databases for year 2014. The main outcome measure was number of antibacterial packages per child inhabitant per year (packages/child/year) and was further stratified by age groups. Paediatric antibiotic use peaked in Hungary with 1.3 packages/child/year, followed by Portugal (0.8) and Norway (0.3). This ranking was retained and was most prominent in the 5‐ to 9‐year and 10‐ to 14‐year age groups. The pattern of antibiotic use in different paediatric age groups varied also substantially between countries. Narrow‐spectrum penicillins were much commonly used in Norway in all paediatric age subgroups in comparison with Hungary and Portugal. Newer, broad‐spectrum cephalosporins and macrolides were widely prescribed for Hungarian and Portuguese children in all paediatric subgroups in contrast to Norway, while tetracyclines were commonly prescribed for Norwegian adolescents. The scale and pattern of paediatric antibiotic use in Hungary and Portugal were very different compared with Norway. The high antibiotic exposure and the high consumption of broad‐spectrum penicillins begin in childhood in Hungary and Portugal which underpins the responsibility of paediatric GPs.

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“…Most respondents were in the age group [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] years (32.5%), male (55%) and married (55.5%). They were employed in most cases (62%).…”

Section: Participants' Socio-demographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, special attention should be paid to these countries. It is imperative to initiate strategies for moving towards universal health coverage that will be complemented by rational use of antibiotics [32].…”

Section: Sources Of Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices About Antibiotic Use Among Urban Residents: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Rufisque, Senegal

Bassoum¹,

Lèye²,

Sougou³

et al. 2019

CAJPH

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Antibiotics have saved millions of lives around the world. However, their effectiveness is compromised by the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. The latter is a threat to global health. Under the International Health Regulations, a national self-assessment was conducted in Senegal to assess the country's capacity to cope with this scourge. It is followed by the joint external evaluation of the World Health Organization. One of the main recommendations is raising public awareness about the rational use of antibiotics. The goal of this study was to evaluate the general public's practices regarding antibiotics and the determinants of antibiotic use without a medical prescription. The study was cross-sectional. It was conducted at the Rufisque bus station. Rufisque is a city located in the region of Dakar, capital of Senegal. We estimated the sample size using Raosoft. Participants were selected according to a convenience sampling. A questionnaire was administered in an individual interview. Logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of antibiotic use without a prescription. A total of 400 people were included. Among them, 75% (300/400) said they had taken antibiotics during the last twelve months. The sources of supply were the community pharmacy (81%), the entourage (12%), the remaining antibiotics (5%) and the illicit drugs market (2%). The use of antibiotics without a prescription was reported by 75% of participants (225/300). It was more common among the uneducated people (OR = 2.7, P =.002). In addition, 16.8% (67/400) said they had shared their antibiotic treatment with their relatives or friends. Shortening the duration and frequency of antibiotic treatment was found in 65.8% (263/400) and 29.3% (117/400) of respondents, respectively. About 7% (29/400) said they sometimes demand antibiotics to prescribers. Almost all (98.8%, 395/400) stated that they had never returned unwanted medicines to pharmacies or health facilities while 37.8% (151/400) said they had never checked the expiry dates of medicines. This study, conducted in an urban setting, showed that respondents have recourse to inadequate practices toward antibiotics. We recommend the sensitization of populations especially those who are not educated. Other studies should be conducted mainly in rural areas to identify the most commonly used antibiotics and the extent of inappropriate practices and their determinants.

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Antimicrobial resistance and universal health coverage

Cited by 77 publications

References 14 publications

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh: A scoping review of policy and practice in human, animal and environment sectors

Tackling antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh: A scoping review of policy and practice in human, animal and environment sectors

Cross‐national comparison of paediatric antibiotic use in Norway, Portugal and Hungary

Practices About Antibiotic Use Among Urban Residents: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Rufisque, Senegal

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