Antimicrobial Resistance and Mortality

Abstract

Background : Antibiotic resistance has been a long - debated topic since decades ago. The development of stronger, newer antibiotics, implementation of antibiotic stewardship and revised guidelines remain t he main focus of our society to prevent resistancy. But is it really resistancy that cause higher mortality to patients with multidrug resistance (MDR) infections? Methods : We conducted a cohort retrospective study from 2016 to 2019 in our Intensive care u nit (ICU). Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results were analyzed for their association with patient mortality outcomes. Results : Over the four - year period, 381 positive bacterial cultures were analyzed and 51% of them grew MDR pathogens upon their first culture. The overall mortality rate was 19% (38/195), and there was no significant association between MDR and mortality; p 0.387. A strong association was however found between patients with medical cases with an OR 1.76; CI 1.76 - 2.55; p 0.003 and t hose with APACHE scores ≥20 upon admittance to the ICU, OR 1.32; CI 1.68 - 8.29; p 0.001 . Conclusion : Resistancy is not the true cause of mortality. Infection by resistant microbes does not necessarily mean the worst outcome since virulency is the actual cau se of pathogenicity, and thus mortality

Establishment and Validation of Models for the Risk of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria Infection and Prognosis in Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Infection: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

“…Generally, the higher the score, the greater the risk of poor prognosis. 29 In patients with MDRB infections, Casadeval et al 30 discovered a significant relationship between mortality and APACHE score greater than 20, and Huiping Huang et al 31 also mentioned high APACHE II score as a risk factor for infections with drug-resistant bacteria, which is also consistent with the findings of our study. As the factors were accessible and objective, the infection and dead risk could be evaluated more fleetly and reliably using a nomogram tool than traditional methods.…”

Antibiotic resistance before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study

“…In our study, the factors associated with death of patients with positive AR before, during, and after the pandemic were age, nationality, COVID-19 infection, smoking, liver disease, type of bacteria, and number of associated bacteria. Some of these factors, such as, COVID-19, smoking, and number of associated bacteria, were not reported previously; however, previous studies have reported old age, chronic liver disease, and bacterial infection (E. coli, K. pneumonia, A. baumanii) as factors associated with death of patients with positive AR [37][38][39][40]. In contrast, chronic renal diseases, ICU admission, inability to perform self-care, chronic lung diseases, occupation, septic shock, hypertension, improper use of empirical antibiotics, and body mass index were risk factors reported in some studies [37,39,[41][42][43].…”

Novel Laser-Assisted Chemical Bath Synthesis of Pure and Silver-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Improved Antimicrobial and Photocatalytic Properties

“…Addressing the complex interplay between the lack of clean water and AMR demands a comprehensive approach rather than relying solely on reducing human antimicrobial usage. The solution should encompass improving access to safe water, implementing effective water treatment processes, improving antibiotic stewardship and public health literacy, reducing antibiotic use in agriculture and animal husbandry, and promoting the development of new antibiotics and alternative therapies [1,14,15,[26][27][28][29]. Several inventive techniques like solar photocatalysis and nanoparticle drug development have shown potential in addressing the lack of access to clean water and AMR [29,30].…”