Antimicrobial Potency of Hydro, acetone and Ethanolic extracts of <i>Treculia africana</i> Decne Root and Stem Bark

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Treculia africana is a plant that is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diverse ailments. To investigate the scientific basis for the use of the plant, the antimicrobial activities/potency of the root and stem bark extracts were evaluated against common gram negative and gram positive bacteria as well as yeast. The chemical constituents of the plant in addition to the effect of temperature and pH on its antimicrobial potencies were investigated. The phytochemical constituents of the dried powdered plant parts were extracted using aqueous and organic solvents (acetone and ethanol). The antimicrobial activity of the concentrated extracts was evaluated by determining the diameter of zone of inhibition against both gram negative and gram positive bacteria and yeast, using the disc diffusion technique. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of glycosides, anthraquinone, free aglycone, saponin, steroids and polyphenols. The extracts were active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The activities of the plant extracts were not affected at varied temperatures (4 o C, 30 o C, 60 o C and 100 o C), but decreased at alkaline pH. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts on the test organisms revealed lowest MIC and MBC against Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis with highest MIC and MBC exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus. Generally, there was significant difference (p<0.05) in the antimicrobial activities of the test extracts and control antibiotics, with the control antibiotics exerting broader antimicrobial activity. Treculia africana demonstrated broad spectrum antibacterial activity and a potential source of new classes of antibiotics that could be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control. ©JASEM

In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Plantago Lanceolata Against Some Selected Standard Pathogenic Bacterial

“…The extracts are considered to possess significant activity when they have MIC below 100 μg/mL (Kuete, 2010). The highest MIC and MBC values is an indication that either the plant extracts are less effective on some bacteria or that the organism has the potential of developing antibiotic resistance, while the low MIC and MBC values for other bacteria is an indication of the efficacy of the plant extract (Oyeyipo and Onasoga, 2015). The MIC and MBC result showed in this experiment may suggest the bactericidal effects of the plant extract (Jean-Bosco et al, 2016).According to several studies on the MIC and MBC, the Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant than the Gram-positive (Saroat et al, 2012).…”

“…The main secondary metabolites present in plants are Phenolic compounds, which are essential components of human diet and well known in their antimicrobial activities (Klančnik et al, 2010). The indiscriminate use of commercial antibacterial drugs commonly administered in the treatment of infectious diseases is one of the main reasons for the increasing incidence of multiple antibiotic resistances in microorganisms in recent years (Oyeyipo and Onasoga, 2015). Thus, the potential of herbal medicine in treating diseases has attracted many scientists in finding solution to the The International Journal of Biotechnology weighed screw cup bottles and the yields of extracts were kept in refrigerator at 4 o c until use.…”