Antimicrobial Polyketide Metabolites from Penicillium bissettii and P. glabrum

Abstract

Screening of several fungi from the New Zealand International Collection of Microorganisms from Plants identified two strains of Penicillium, P. bissettii and P. glabrum, which exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Further investigation into the natural products of the fungi, through extraction and fractionation, led to the isolation of five known polyketide metabolites, penicillic acid (1), citromycetin (2), penialdin A (3), penialdin F (4), and myxotrichin B (5). Semi-synthetic derivatization of 1 led to the discovery of a novel dihydro (1a) derivative that provided evidence for the existence of the much-speculated open-chained form of 1. Upon investigation of the antimicrobial activities of the natural products and derivatives, both penicillic acid (1) and penialdin F (4) were found to inhibit the growth of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Penialdin F (4) was also found to have some inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium abscessus and M. marinum along with citromycetin (2).

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Medicinal Plant Hyssopus officinalis

“…Recently, quite a lot of work has appeared on the isolation of penicillic acid from various sources, for example from Antarctic marine sediment or from various fungi of the genus of Penicillium [10,11]. Penicillic acid had antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [12].…”

Special Issue—“Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Biological Activity of Natural Products”

“…Fungi of the genus Penicillium are widely studied as sources of bioactive compounds, but research on these fungi and their metabolites is far from complete, as shown in the work of Cadelis et al (2022) [14]. Studying P. bissettii and P. glabrum, this group isolated five known polyketide metabolites, penicillic acid, citromycetin, penialdin A, penialdin F and myxotrichin B.…”

“…Fungi of the genus Penicillium are widely studied as sources of bioactive compounds, but research on these fungi and their metabolites is far from complete, as shown in the work of Cadelis et al (2022) [ 14 ]. Studying P. bissettii and P .…”

“…Penicillic acid and penialdin F were found to inhibit the growth of methicillin-resistant S. aureus , which is important in view of the clinical problems associated with resistant microbial strains, which mainly involve hospitalized patients. Two other metabolites, penialdin F and citromycetin, were active against Mycobacterium abscessus and M. marinum [ 14 ].…”