Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using a Chloro-Aluminum Phthalocyanine Adjuvant to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment Does Not Improve Clinical Parameters in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Photodynamic therapy adjuvant to non‐surgical periodontal therapy: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials

“…Therefore, the clinical protocol may vary according to laser dosimetry and the photosensitiser used. 35,36 Of the four studies selected for the present study, three used the aluminium-chlorine phthalocyanine (AlClPc) photosensitiser 5 μM (0.1 mL-300 s per periodontal site) 14,24,25 and one used toluidine blue 100 μg/mL (1 mL for 1 min). 9 Despite this difference in protocols, there was some similarity in the general results of the analysed studies, in which none of them showed beneficial effects that categorise the aPDT and SRP association as superior to conventional treatment.…”

“…However, in places that are difficult to access, a late microbial recolonisation may occur, generating residual periodontal pockets. 14 This is due to the ability of bacteria to enter the gingival epithelial cells to escape the host. 15,16 Further research with others therapeutic possibilities that can contribute to conventional periodontal therapy is evident.…”

“…This technique contributes to the reduction or eradication pathogens with adequate control of the dental biofilm by the patient. However, in places that are difficult to access, a late microbial recolonisation may occur, generating residual periodontal pockets 14 . This is due to the ability of bacteria to enter the gingival epithelial cells to escape the host 15,16 …”

“…There were gains in the clinical attachment level (CAL) in both groups (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference between the treatment groups at baseline and after 90 days of treatment was observed in the intergroup analysis (p > 0.05) 14. F I G U R E 1 PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for new systematic reviews which included searches of databases and registers only.IncludedFollowing the same evaluation parameters, Silva et al report that after 90 days of evaluation, there was a significant reduction in the rates of VPI (from 87.71% to 42.10% in the test group and 92.98% to 42.10% in the control group), BoP (from 100% to 50.87% in the test group and 100% to 52.63% in the control group), and PD; and an increase in CAL gain in the test and control groups (p < 0.001).…”

The ever-changing landscape in modern dentistry therapeutics – Enhancing the emptying quiver of the periodontist

“…A recent study showed that the use of photodynamic therapy using a 670 nm wavelength in combination with methylene blue as a photosensitizer does not offer more benefits in patients with Grade A periodontitis in comparison with conventional non-surgical mechanical treatment in a period of 6 months [ 128 ]. Another study concluded that the use of PDT with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine did not provide more advantages than surgical scaling and root planing periodontal treatments of patients with Grade A periodontitis [ 129 ]. It seems reasonable to state that carefully designed studies are mandatory to clarify certain laser protocols and the exact laser settings that would be predictably beneficial.…”