Antimicrobial peptide of an anti-lipopolysaccharide factor modulates of the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells

Endotoxin-neutralizing activity and mechanism of action of a cationic α-helical antimicrobial octadecapeptide derived from α-amylase of rice

“…The almost negligible differences in both the EC 50 and K D of AmyI-1-18 between LPS and lipid A strongly supported the assertion that AmyI-1-18 specifically binds to the lipid A moiety of LPS through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and thereby is capable of detoxifying these endotoxins. In our previous study [45], we reported the ability of CL (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) to inhibit NO production in RAW264 cells stimulated with LPS or lipid A from E. coli CL(14-25) significantly repressed endotoxin-induced NO production in mouse microphage cells. Further, we examined the interaction between CL(14-25) and LPS or lipid A.…”

“…Further, we examined the interaction between CL(14-25) and LPS or lipid A. In a chromogenic LAL assay, the EC 50 values of CL (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) were 98 and 122 M for lipid A and LPS, respectively. In SPR analysis, the K D values of CL(14-25) were 4.8 × 10 −6 M and 3.0 × 10 −6 M for lipid A and LPS, respectively.…”

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the key pattern-recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoprotein, ssRNA, and dsRNA [15,17]. By interaction with ligands, respective TLRs stimulate a series of intracellular signaling events, resulting in the activation of innate immune responses [19,34]. Of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, LPS induces pro-inflammatory responses through stimulation of TLR4 signaling, which is initiated by the binding of LPS to LPS-binding protein (LBP), followed by attachment of the LPS-LBP complex to the cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) molecule on the surface of myeloid cells [34,35,38].…”

“…We also investigated the inhibitory ability of CL (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) against the endotoxic activities of LPSs from Escherichia coli and periodontopathic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans [45]. We found that CL (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) could inhibit both LPS-induced IL-6 production in human aortic endothelial cells and LPS-induced NO production in mouse macrophages (RAW264). Moreover, CL(14-25) exhibited a protective effect against lethal toxicity of LPS in mice.…”

Antimicrobial peptides in marine invertebrate health and disease

“…Importantly, AMPs are currently being used for drug development due to their activity as immune modulators, which give them clinical potential beyond the treatment of antibiotic-resistant strains [124]. Among AMPs from marine invertebrates, ALF-derived peptides have been shown to modulate the inflammatory response in murine macrophage cell lines [125] and display anti-tumour activity against HeLa cells through the alteration of the cell membrane [126]. Those novel activities may open the way to future drug developments.…”