Antimicrobial of tropical fruit and vegetable waste extract for food-borne pathogenic bacteria

Abstract

Tropical fruit and vegetable wastes become great potential natural resources of bioactive compounds for antimicrobial. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of antimicrobial extracted from tropical fruit and vegetable waste to inhibit foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophilla, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus). A total of six tropical fruit waste (peel of pineapple, jackfruit, durian, coffee, mangosteen, and cacao pods) and five tropical vegetable waste (stem of sembukan, lamtoro pods, jengkol shell, bitter bean pods, Indian marsh fleabane leave) was extracted by using maceration method. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was carried out by using disc diffusion assay and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. The flavonoids in extract were identified and quantified by using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The highest antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (B. cereus, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus) was shown by jengkol, bitter bean and mangosteen waste extract in the range of 0,00038 to 4,2% for MIC. The highest antimicrobial activity inhibits Gram-negative bacteria (A. hydrophilla, E. coli, S. Typhimurium and V. parahaemolyticus) was shown by jengkol, bitter bean, mangosteen, sembukan and lamtoro waste extract in the range of 0,00038 to 3,1% for MIC which have apigenin, catechin, coumaric acid, gallic acid, genistein, hydroxybenzoic acids, luteolin, myricetin, naringenin dan quercetin as bioactive compounds. Total phenol of those waste extracts was in the range of 0.663 to 4,441 mg GAE/g. Jengkol, bitter bean, mangosteen, sembukan and lamtoro waste extract shown to be a potential natural antimicrobial to inhibit food-borne pathogenic bacteria.

Potential use of food waste in food processing to add nutritional value

“…Durian peel extract can be used as an antimicrobial agent in food products. A study found that extracts from durian peel waste showed antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria [28]. Durian rind has been used in various food applications, such as macaroni [29].…”

Exploring the untapped potential of naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds: novel advancements in food preservation for enhanced safety and sustainability

“…They are used to extend the time for food products to be consumed safely. These compounds contribute to the enhancement of food functionality and quality by reducing pathogens to minimal levels or eliminating them entirely (Babaei-Ghazvini et al, 2021;Mshana et al, 2021;Budiati et al, 2022). The predominant mechanism involves their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, exerted through the disruption of cell walls and metabolic processes in microbial entities (Babaei-Ghazvini et al, 2021).…”

Fruit waste: a current perspective for the sustainable production of pharmacological, nutraceutical, and bioactive resources

“…Polyphenols are secondary metabolites generated from various portions of edible fruits wastes (apple, citrus, banana, pomegranate, grape, and pear) that include one or more phenolic groups ( Gerardi et al, 2021 ; Ko et al, 2021 ; Zardo et al, 2021 ; Hasan et al, 2022 ). They not only have numerous human health benefits such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and cardioprotective, but additionally, they possess anti-microbial-and antifungal properties ( Guo et al, 2020 ; Saleem and Saeed, 2020 ; Budiati et al, 2022 ; Elbandrawy et al, 2022 ; Ko and Ku, 2022 ; Lee et al, 2022 ). Furthermore, there is an increasing prevalence of drug resistance to harmful bacteria, which is a severe threat to humanity.…”