Antimicrobial Nanostructured Bioactive Coating Based on Fe3O4 and Patchouli Oil for Wound Dressing

Abstract

Abstract:The aim of this study was to develop a biocompatible coating for wound dressings, containing iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with patchouli essential oil in order to obtain improved antimicrobial properties able to prevent biofilm development and consecutive associated infections. The bioactive coating was prepared by the co-precipitation of a precursor in an alkaline solution of patchouli oil. The prepared surface was characterized by XRD (X ray diffraction), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), SAED (selected area diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). The bioevaluation of the obtained coating consisted in antimicrobial, as well as in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and biodistribution assays. The obtained coating revealed a strong anti-biofilm activity maintained up to 72 h, as well as a low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells and a good biodistribution after intraperitoneal injection in mice. These results demonstrate the promising potential of the respective coatings for the management of wound infections and for the development of soft materials with improved resistance to microbial colonization.

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: A Perspective on Synthesis, Drugs, Antimicrobial Activity, and Toxicity

“…In this category are included bioactive structures such as lipids, peptides, and proteins [ 29 , 70 , 103 ]. In IONPs-based nanosystems functionalized with peptides, the biomolecules are able to maintain the stability of the nanostructures, as well as the magnetic properties of the IONPs [ 27 , 104 ].…”

“…Finally, essential oils have been bound to IONPs to improve their stabilization and reduce their volatility. Such nanostructures can be incorporated on the surface of catheters [ 178 ] or into wound dressing materials [ 103 ] in order to decrease microbial adherence and biofilm-associated infections.…”

“…Catheter surfaces coated with essential oils-loaded IONPs decreased initial cell adhesion of S. aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae , with a lesser effect on more mature stages of biofilm formation [ 178 ]. In turn, coating of textile fibers of wound dressings with patchouli essential oil-attached IONPs was effective in reducing the number of S. aureus biofilm cells [ 103 ]. Still concerning natural compounds, gallic acid-coated IONPs was shown to exhibit similar antimicrobial effects compared to ampicillin, streptomycin and nystatin against E. coli , Bacillus substilis and Aspergillus niger , respectively [ 204 ].…”

“…PLGA-functionalized IONPs were able to reduce the destructive effects on lysosomes, mitochondria, golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum compared with uncoated nanoparticles, which induced the cells to autophagy [ 258 ]. In turn, IONPs functionalized with patchouli essential oil promoted low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells and good biodistribution after intraperitoneal injection in mice [ 103 ].…”

Magnetite Nanoparticles and Essential Oils Systems for Advanced Antibacterial Therapies

“…Results showed strong activities against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms maintained up to 72 h, with a decrease in viable biofilm-embedded cells of at least two-fold. Additionally, the systems exhibited low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells and good biodistribution after intraperitoneal injection in mice [ 102 ]. Moreover, Bilcu et al performed a comparative study on the antimicrobial activity of MNPs functionalized with patchouli, vanilla, and ylang-ylang EOs as catheter coatings.…”