Antimicrobial mouthrinse use as an adjunct method in peri-implant biofilm control

Abstract

Great possibilities for oral rehabilitation emerged as a result of scientific consolidation, as well as a large number of dental implant applications. Along with implants appeared diseases such as mucositis and peri-implantitis, requiring management through several strategies applied at different stages. Biofilm accumulation is associated with clinical signs manifest by both tooth and implant inflammation. With this in mind, regular and complete biofilm elimination becomes essential for disease prevention and host protection. Chemical control of biofilms, as an adjuvant to mechanical oral hygiene, is fully justified by its simplicity and efficacy proven by studies based on clinical evidence. The purpose of this review was to present a consensus regarding the importance of antimicrobial mouthrinse use as an auxiliary method in chemical peri-implant biofilm control. The active ingredients of the several available mouthrinses include bis-biguanide, essential oils, phenols, quaternary ammonium compounds, oxygenating compounds, chlorine derivatives, plant extracts, fluorides, antibiotics and antimicrobial agent combinations. It was concluded that there is strong clinical evidence that at least two mouthrinses have scientifically proven efficacy against different oral biofilms, i.e., chlorhexidine digluconate and essential oils; however, 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate presents a number of unwanted side effects and should be prescribed with caution. Chemical agents seem beneficial in controlling peri-implant inflammation, although they require further investigation. We recommend a scientifically proven antiseptic, with significant short and long term efficacy and with no unwanted side effects, for the prevention and/or treatment of peri-implant disease.

Bacterial adhesion mechanisms on dental implant surfaces and the influencing factors

“…Chemical treatment is employed as a complimentary method to conventional mechanical approach, where chlorhexidine and essential oils have been found to be efficient against different oral biofilms [126].…”

“…It was also reported to be antifungal and inhibitory to the adherence of C. albicans onto dental implants and cover screws in vitro [135], with commented that the essential oils were capable of promoting penetration to the deep structure of biofilm and destroy more pathogenic resistant forms. Moreover, the residual effect of essential oil is also promising, which is said to be effective even after rinsing [126].…”

Antiseptic solutions modulate the paracrine‐like activity of bone chips: differential impact of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite

“…Non-significant. Pedrazzi et al 2014, Prag et al 2014. This research is a logical extension of previous studies describing the paracrine-like function of bone chips in vitrobone chips that were freshly prepared (Caballe-Serrano et al 2014, Peng et al 2014, Zimmermann et al 2015, bone chips that underwent thermal processing , and demineralized bone chips .…”

“…), irrigation of pockets around implants (Pedrazzi et al. ), and decontamination of extraction cavities (Haraji & Rakhshan ). Moreover, antiseptic solutions are indicated in soft tissue dehiscence, particularly when bone is exposed (Melea et al.…”

Periimplantitis: Revisión de la Literatura

“…El uso de antisépticos para la eliminación de bacterias que se depositan en el nicho periimplantar es de gran utilidad para aumentar el éxito del tratamiento de la periimplantitis, Pedrazzi et al (2014) realizaron una revisión acerca del uso de antisépticos en el cual mencionaron que los mejores efectos en la eli-minación de microorganismos son los que se realizan a base de clorhexidina al 0,12 % y de aceites esenciales como timol, eucalipto, mentol y salicilato de metilo, entre otros (Pedrazzi et al). Valderrama et al (2014) realizaron una revisión acerca de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos en el cual mencionaron que la irrigación subgingival con clorhexidina al 0,12 % suprime los microorganismos alrededor de tres meses, sin embargo Muthukuru et al (2012) publicaron una revisión en la cual evaluaron el tratamiento no quirúrgico para la periimplantitis concluyendo que el tratamiento a base de desbridamiento más la colocación local de antibiótico, o el uso de terapia laser tiene mejores resultados en disminuir los signos de la inflamación que la debridación, más el uso de clorhexidina.…”