Antimicrobial Ionic Liquids

Gilmore, Brendan

doi:10.5772/13861

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…To date, the precise bactericidal mechanism of the action of QHSs is unknown, but the main hypothesis-meeting consensus proposes the adsorption of the cationic head group onto the negatively charged bacterial outer layers, followed by the diffusion of the hydrophobic alkyl chains through the lipid bilayer, provoking disruption and loss of membrane integrity. This two-step mechanism assumes an accurate hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance and supports the results reported herein and the “cut-off” effect [ 4 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Efficacy of Novel Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts Differing in Cation Type and Alkyl Chain Length against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Nunes,

Cagide,

Fernandes

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Antibacterial resistance poses a critical public health threat, challenging the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections. The search for innovative antibacterial agents has spurred significant interest in quaternary heteronium salts (QHSs), such as quaternary ammonium and phosphonium compounds as potential candidates. In this study, a library of 49 structurally related QHSs was synthesized, varying the cation type and alkyl chain length. Their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, including antibiotic-resistant strains, were evaluated by determining minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) ≤ 64 µg/mL. Structure–activity relationship analyses highlighted alkyl-triphenylphosphonium and alkyl-methylimidazolium salts as the most effective against S. aureus CECT 976. The length of the alkyl side chain significantly influenced the antibacterial activity, with optimal chain lengths observed between C10 and C14. Dose–response relationships were assessed for selected QHSs, showing dose-dependent antibacterial activity following a non-linear pattern. Survival curves indicated effective eradication of S. aureus CECT 976 by QHSs at low concentrations, particularly compounds 1e, 3e, and 5e. Moreover, in vitro human cellular data indicated that compounds 2e, 4e, and 5e showed favourable safety profiles at concentrations ≤ 2 µg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of these QHSs as effective agents against susceptible and resistant bacterial strains, providing valuable insights for the rational design of bioactive QHSs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Efficacy of Novel Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts Differing in Cation Type and Alkyl Chain Length against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Nunes,

Cagide,

Fernandes

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…In recent years, ionic liquid have enjoyed more and more interest, both in research and in practical applications. Their various aspects are discussed, such as antimicrobial properties [8,10,42,46] used in histopathologic diagnostics [47], in paper protection [6] and in wood preservation [48]. In the presented research, ionic liquids were used as an additive to paper to neutralise acid paper and as antifungal compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Values of the latter parameter-MBC/MFC-refer to the lowest concentration of the antimicrobial agents required to reduce the viability of 99% microorganisms. In research on the antimicrobial activity of ionic liquids, these two parameters are determined most frequently, as reported in references [8,10,[40][41][42][43]. Primary research methods used to determine MIC/MBC/MFC values include dilution tests and agar diffusion tests [10,44].…”

Section: Minimal Concentrations Of Ionic Liquids Inhibiting the Growtmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Ionic Liquids in Paper Properties and Preservation

Koziróg¹,

Wysocka-Robak²

2017

Progress and Developments in Ionic Liquids

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For centuries, paper has been an important medium of information. Currently, the basic risk to the paper collection is "acidic paper" and the action of enzymes secreted by microorganisms on them. In order to 'prolong life' of these materials, in recent years, various chemical compounds have been used. In this chapter, ionic liquids (IL) are explored as substances for deacidification of paper and its conservation, including antifungal activity. The use of these substances in the manufacturing of paper is possible, but the ingredients play an important role. Imidazolium IL cause an increase in the pH (deacidification) of historical papers and do not cause worsening of their strength properties, but these compound can cause a colour change. Benzalkonium DLlactate and didecyldimethylammonium DL-lactate and derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are used as effective inhibitors of growth of moulds on paper. The best antifungal activity in these ionic liquids is observed in the paper pine at a concentration of 5% and weakest in the samples from the pulp after chemical-thermomechanical treatment. New paper impregnated with ionic liquids is characterised by an increase in tear resistance, reduction of breaking length and a favourable influence on the paper colour.

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Ionic liquids: a state of the art for biomedical applications

Gandhewar

Shende

2021

Ionics

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Antimicrobial Ionic Liquids

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Efficacy of Novel Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts Differing in Cation Type and Alkyl Chain Length against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Efficacy of Novel Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts Differing in Cation Type and Alkyl Chain Length against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Application of Ionic Liquids in Paper Properties and Preservation

Ionic liquids: a state of the art for biomedical applications

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