Antimicrobial‐induced oral dysbiosis exacerbates naturally occurring alveolar bone loss

Abstract

Periodontitis-mediated alveolar bone loss is caused by dysbiotic shifts in the commensal oral microbiota that upregulate proinflammatory osteoimmune responses.The study purpose was to determine whether antimicrobial-induced disruption of the commensal microbiota has deleterious effects on alveolar bone. We administered an antibiotic cocktail, minocycline, or vehicle-control to sex-matched C57BL/6T mice from age 6-to 12 weeks. Antibiotic cocktail and minocycline had catabolic effects on alveolar bone in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice. We then administered minocycline or vehicle-control to male mice reared under SPF and germ-free conditions, and we subjected minocycline-treated SPF mice to chlorhexidine oral antiseptic rinses. Alveolar bone loss was greater in vehicle-treated SPF versus germ-free mice, demonstrating that the commensal microbiota drives naturally occurring alveolar bone loss. Minocycline-versus vehicle-treated germfree mice had similar alveolar bone loss outcomes, implying that antimicrobialdriven alveolar bone loss is microbiota dependent. Minocycline induced phylum-level shifts in the oral bacteriome and exacerbated naturally occurring

Antibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery‐induced osteoimmune wound healing and attenuates the alveolar bone–implant interface in mice

“…We developed a novel murine oral antiseptic rinse model, which revealed the commensal oral microbiota promote the activation of oral helper T‐cells to affect osteoblast–osteoclast actions in alveolar bone (Hathaway‐Schrader, Aartun, et al, 2022). Further, we demonstrated that antibiotic‐induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T‐cell oral immunity to have catabolic effects on alveolar bone remodelling (Swanson et al, 2021). Central to this study, antibiotic prophylaxis effects on microbiota–osteoimmune processes regulating dental implant placement surgery‐induced alveolar bone wound healing and osseointegration have not been investigated.…”

“…cytometry buffer. Cells were treated with FcR-block (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) and labelled for surface antibodies, per manufacturer's instructions as previously reported (Carson et al, 2023;Swanson et al, 2021). Dead cells were excluded via labelling with LIVE/ DEAD 405-nm Fixable Yellow Stain (Thermo Fisher Scientific), per manufacturer's instructions.…”

“…Further, we demonstrated that antibiotic-induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T-cell oral immunity to have catabolic effects on alveolar bone remodelling (Swanson et al, 2021). Central to this study, antibiotic prophylaxis effects on microbiota-osteoimmune processes regulating dental implant placement surgery-induced alveolar bone wound healing and osseointegration have not been investigated.…”

“…The aim of this investigation was to delineate antibiotic prophylaxis effects on osteoimmune actions regulating dental implant placement surgery-induced alveolar bone wound healing and osseointegration. We focused on the helper T-cell osteoimmune response based on our prior work showing that antimicrobial-induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T-cell osteoimmune processes in alveolar bone (Hathaway-Schrader, Aartun, et al, 2022;Swanson et al, 2021).…”

“…The aim of this investigation was to delineate antibiotic prophylaxis effects on osteoimmune actions regulating dental implant placement surgery‐induced alveolar bone wound healing and osseointegration. We focused on the helper T‐cell osteoimmune response based on our prior work showing that antimicrobial‐induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T‐cell osteoimmune processes in alveolar bone (Hathaway‐Schrader, Aartun, et al, 2022; Swanson et al, 2021). To test the hypothesis that antibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery‐induced peri‐implant alveolar bone osteoimmune wound healing, we utilized an established murine dental implant placement model that recapitulates the placement of a single dental implant in humans (Mouraret et al, 2014).…”