Antimicrobial Efficiency of Essential Oils from Traditional Medicinal Plants of Asir Region, Saudi Arabia, over Drug Resistant Isolates

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a recurring global problem, which constantly demands new antimicrobial compounds to challenge the resistance. It is well known that essential oils (EOs) have been known for biological activities including antimicrobial properties. In this study, EOs from seven aromatic plants of Asir region of southwestern Saudi Arabia were tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against four drug resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus typhimurium) and one fungal isolate (Candida albicans). Chemical compositions of EOs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum, and Origanum vulgare proved most active against all isolates with inhibitory zone range between 17 and 45 mm. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.025mg/ml was observed for Staph. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with EO of Origanum vulgare. All the three EOs showed significant anticandida activity. The results related to EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum, and Origanum vulgare demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy against drug resistant microorganisms.

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

“…All strains were conserved at −80 • C and were grown on Muller Hinton medium for bacteria (24 h) and Sabouraud medium for yeasts (48 h) prior to the assays. As described by Helal et al [44] the disc-diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity. Petri dishes containing Sabouraud and Muller Hinton (MH) agar were seeded with a cell suspension of yeasts (10 5 CFU/mL) and bacteria (10 8 CFU/mL), respectively.…”

Microbiological and Physicochemical Properties of Meat Coated with Microencapsulated Mexican Oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth) and Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Essential Oils Mixture

“…Therefore, MIC values for E. coli O157:H7 were 5 mg MOEO/mL, and 45 mg BEO/mL. It has been reported lower MIC value for BEO (12.5 mg/mL), but obtained by HD [8].…”

“…Each concentration was tested in nutrient broth inoculated with 10 5 CFU/ml of E. coli O157:H7. The suspension was incubated for 6 h at 37 • C, and then aliquots of 20 µL in triplicate, were incubated in nutrient agar (Bioxon) following the spot method [31], and incubated for 24 h at 37 • C. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was defined as the lowest EO concentration (mg/mL) that completely inhibited E. coli 0157:H7 [8].…”

“…Furthermore, Martínez-Natarén et al [10] found genetic diversity and composition variability in EO extracted from Lippia graveolens harvested in Yucatán, Mexico. In relation to BEO, linalool has been reported as the major component [8,35,37,39,40].…”

“…Other authors have reported MOEO activity against E. coli O157:H7 [7], B. thermosphacta, L. plantarum, and Ps. fragi [2], and BEO against E. coli [6,8,40,[50][51][52]; Ps. aeruginosa [40,50,51], and L. plantarum [40].…”