Antimicrobial efficacy of Mentha piperata-derived biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles against UTI-resistant pathogens

Abstract

Misuse of antibiotics leads to the worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance, which motivates scientists to create new antibiotics. The recurring UTI due to antibiotics-resistant microorganism’s challenges scientists globally. The biogenic nanoparticles have the potential to meet the escalating requirements of novel antimicrobial agents. The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) gained more attention due to their reliable applications against resistant microbes. The current study evaluates the biogenic ZnO NPs of Mentha piperata extract against resistant pathogens of urinary tract infections by agar well diffusion assay. The biogenic ZnO NPs revealed comparatively maximum inhibition in comparison to synthetic antibiotics against two bacterial strains (Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a fungal strain (Candida albicans).The synthesized biogenic ZnO NPs alone revealed maximum activities than the combination of plant extract (PE) and ZnO NPs, and PE alone. The physiochemical features of ZnO NPs characterized through UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed 281.85 nm wavelengths; the XRD pattern revealed the crystalline structure of ZnO NPs. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of carboxylic and nitro groups, which could be attributed to plant extract. SEM analysis revealed spherical hollow symmetry due to electrostatic forces. The analysis via EDX confirmed the presence of Zn and oxygen in the sample. The physiochemical features of synthesized ZnO NPs provide pivotal information such as quality and effectiveness. The current study revealed excellent dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic isolates from UTI-resistant patients. The higher concentration of ZnONPs interacts with the cell membrane which triggers oxidative burst. They may bind with the enzymes and proteins and brings epigenetic alteration which leads to membrane disruption or cell death.

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rubus fruticosus extract and their antibacterial efficacy against Erwinia caratovora and Ralstonia solanacearum phytopathogens

“…This result aligns closely with values of approximately 450 nm reported in previous studies. 60,61 Typically, AgNPs exhibit a unique SPR ranging from 400 to 480 nm wavelengths, 62 consistent with the findings of this research. Importantly, the SPR peak at 449 nm remained unchanged even after four months of incubation, indicating the stability and reliability of the green-synthesized RFL-AgNPs.…”

Differential impact of biogenic and chemically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles on anti-aging, anti-oxidant and anti-cancerous activities: a mechanism based study

“…Ahmed et al , reported similar findings that the obtained biogenic ZnONPs synthesized by using Mentha piperata extract exhibited high purity. 70…”

Comparative Effect of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Aqueous Extract of Nepeta nepetella through Different Precursor Concentrations

“…The peaks at 1517–1528 cm −1 were indicative of the C-H bending vibrations in aromatic rings, characteristic of the presence of aromatic compounds. The peak at 1402 cm −1 , typical for amine or amide, represented the presence of the N-H bending of the organic compound, indicating the presence of a nitrogen-containing compound [ 47 ]. The bonds in the range of 1129–1140 cm −1 were assigned to C–O–H in phenolic compounds [ 33 ].…”