Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine as a root canal irrigant: a literature review

Mohammadi, Zahed; Jafarzadeh, Hamid; Shalavi, Sousan

doi:10.2334/josnusd.56.99

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In treating infected root canals, the root canal irrigants and medicaments used should have antimicrobial properties capable of disinfecting the root canal and additionally have no cytotoxic effect on periapical tissue and permanent tooth buds if pushed to the apex [10]. The addition of 2% CHX in the root canal treatment protocol could increase root canal disinfection [18]. CHX had a broad and effective antibacterial spectrum against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, fungal, and residual antibacterial effect [12,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Extract Efficacy Against the Viability of Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)

Octavia

Budiardjo²,

Indiarti³

et al. 2019

Int J App Pharm

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Objective: Enterococcus faecalis, Gram-positive facultative anaerobe capable of invading the dentinal tubules, is resistant to several irrigating solutionsand intracanal medications. Motivated by the antibacterial effect exhibited by garlic extract against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negativebacteria, as well as anaerobic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and E. faecalis, we aimed in this study to analyze the efficacy of garlic extract against theviability of E. faecalis from clinical isolates of nonvital primary root canals.Methods: We used MTT assay to determine the viability of E. faecalis after exposure to increasing concentrations of garlic extract (10%, 25%, 50%,and 100%) and chlorhexidine (CHX) 2% as a positive control.Results: We performed the analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the post hoc test for multiple comparisons at a 0.05 significance level. At allconcentrations, garlic extracts decreased the viability of E. faecalis. We found no significant differences between the viability values for 25%, 50%,and 100% garlic extracts (p>0.05); however, they were significantly different from the 10% extract and CHX 2% (p<0.05), both with a lower viabilityvalues.Conclusion: Our results showed that garlic extract was effective in decreasing the viability of E. faecalis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Extract Efficacy Against the Viability of Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)

Octavia

Budiardjo²,

Indiarti³

et al. 2019

Int J App Pharm

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“…Root canal irrigants are ideally used for flushing out debris, dissolving organic tissue, killing microbes, destroying microbial products and removing the smear layer. These objectives can be achieved with irrigating solutions reaching the working length of the canal without extruding the periapical tissues (1)(2)(3). Sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl) is the most commonly used irrigating solution for its strong antimicrobial and proteolytic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous Emphysema During Root Canal Therapy: A Case Report

Tenore

Palaia

Ciolfi

et al. 2017

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SummaryIntroduction. Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema is defined as the abnormal introduction of air in the subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck. It is mainly caused by trauma, head and neck surgery, general anesthesia, and coughing or habitual performance of Valsalva manoeuvre. The occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema after dental treatment is rare, and diffusion of gas into the mediastinum is much rarer, especially when the procedure is a nonsurgical treatment. Presented here is a case of subcutaneous emphysema that occurred after sodium hypochlorite irrigation during endodontic treatment, and the description of its etiologies and prevention during nonsurgical endodontic treatment. Endodontic success can be essentially achieved via good debridement of a root canal, and an ideal endodontic irrigant is effective in removing the smear layer, opening the dentinal tubules, and producing a clean surface for closer obturation. Case report. A 60-years-old woman had an abnormal swelling and pain during an endodontic treatment accompanied by her dentist to the emergency room and was referred to our observation for complaining of severe pain, ecchymosis and severe swelling on the left side of her face. The aforementioned symptoms appeared after sodium hypochlorite irrigation and aggressive use of air spray for drying the root canal during the en-

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“…Although laser irradiation may be considered as a useful device for root canal disinfection, its potential risks is better to be assessed. [46][47][48] …”

Section: Photon-induced Photoacoustic Streamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based Disinfection of the Root Canal System: An Update

Mohammadi¹,

Jafarzadeh

Shalavi

et al. 2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Introduction:Microorganisms have been considered to have played a critical role in the initiation and development of pulpoperiapical diseases. Some evidences have shown that mechanical instrumentation may leave considerable portions of canal surfaces undebrided. Therefore, some supplemental methods, such as the use of chemical solutions and/or lasers, have been introduced to further disinfect the complicated canal anatomy and destroy as many microorganisms as possible. The purpose of this review was to address a brief review of characteristics of lasers and their effects to disinfect the root canal in endodontics.

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Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine as a root canal irrigant: a literature review

Cited by 26 publications

References 63 publications

Garlic Extract Efficacy Against the Viability of Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)

Garlic Extract Efficacy Against the Viability of Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)

Subcutaneous Emphysema During Root Canal Therapy: A Case Report

Laser-based Disinfection of the Root Canal System: An Update

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