Antimicrobial efficacy of a high‐power diode laser, photo‐activated disinfection, conventional and sonic activated irrigation during root canal treatment

Bago, Ivona; Plečko, Vanda; Pandurić, Dragana Gabrić; Schauperl, Zdravko; Baraba, Anja; Anić, Ivica

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02120.x

Cited by 124 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…In addition, most of the previous studies that showed adequate root canal disinfection with the use of PAD alone (12,25) or combined with chemomechanical debridement (25,26) sampled the root canal content using paper points or aspiration. These methods are limited by sampling only planktonic bacteria, not taking into account the bacteria organized in biofilms and inside dentinal tubules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions and Photo-Activated Therapy for In Vivo Root Canal Treatment

et al. 2015

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This study aimed to evaluate histologically the effect of irrigation with 400 ppm Sterilox, 2% and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), with and without photo-activated therapy (PAD), in a single-visit root canal treatment of dog's teeth with apical periodontitis (AP). Ten dogs were randomly divided into two groups (n=5): with and without PAD, and the root canals into four subgroups, according to the irrigating solution: SX (400 ppm Sterilox), SH2 (2% NaOCl), SH5 (5% NaOCl) and SS (saline solution) as positive control. A total of 134 root canals were opened and left exposed to the oral environment for 14 days and then sealed for 60 days for AP induction. Then, root canals were treated according to each proposed disinfecting protocol and filled in the same session. After 120 days, the dogs were euthanized and the periapical inflammatory events were evaluated under light microscopy. Qualitative data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). PAD did not produce significant differences in the scores for apical inflammation when used after chemo-mechanical preparation (p>0.05). The irrigating solutions SX, SH2 and SH5 without PAD were statistically different from SS (p<0.05) that presented the greatest scores for apical inflammation. PAD did not show any additional effect for the treatment of root canals with pulp necrosis and AP in a single visit and 400 ppm Sterilox may be considered an alternative to NaOCl in root canal treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another disinfecting system, the PAD, has shown promising results when tested in vitro (11,12) and in vivo (13). As an adjunct to conventional root canal therapy, it aims to maximize the antimicrobial effect, reducing the treatment time and increasing the success rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions and Photo-Activated Therapy for In Vivo Root Canal Treatment

et al. 2015

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“…In addition, the thermal effect of the laser beam is also believed to disrupt the cell membrane by increasing its temperature by 42-52°C over its normal temperature of 37°C. At this temperature, the biomolecular changes, which causes a significant transformation of the membrane [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The irrigation works in direct contact with the target and, to a limited extent, penetrates the root canal wall. Paque (2009) reported that areas remained unaffected after mechanical instrumentation using either rotary instruments or manual techniques [10]. The irrigant was therefore unable to reach and eliminate microorganisms from the inner side of the dentine layer [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antibacterial Effect of a Diode Laser Used as an Adjunct Irrigant on Clinical Isolate of Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm (In Vitro)

et al. 2018

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Methods: Using E. faecalis biofilms from clinical isolate were grown on microtiter well plate, incubated for 24 h and subjected to the following treatments: Natrium hypochlorite 2.5% (5 s), chlorhexidine 2% (5 s), natrium chloride 0.9% (5 s), and the irrigants with additional diode laser irradiation (980 nm, 15 Hz, 1.5 W, 3.5 J, 5 s). The antibacterial effects of the irrigants and diode laser were scored using colony form units (CFU). Results:The clinical isolate colony of E. faecalis that was exposed to a saline solution and diode laser application had the highest score (18700 CFU/ml), while the lowest score (80,00 CFU/ml) was recorded in the group that was exposed to a chlorhexidine 2% irrigant with additional diode laser application. Conclusion:The diode laser had an antibacterial effect on a clinical isolate of E. faecalis biofilm, and this effect was increased when it was used in addition to the application of chlorhexidine 2% and natrium hypochlorite 2.5% irrigants.

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“…49 Different studies reported that the application of diode laser for bacterial decontamination produced different success rates dependent on the amount of energy applied and dentin thickness. 50,51 After chemomechanical preparation, irradiation is performed as a final step for decontaminating the root canal system before obturation. An optical fiber with 200 μm diameter and 1mm shorter that the working length is placed inside the canal, starting irradiation with circular movement in the apical-coronal direction.…”

Section: Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Approach of High Technology Techniques for Control and Elimination of Endodontic Microbiota

et al. 2015

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The main goal in endodontic treatment is to eradicate or at least reduce intraradicular microbial population to levels that are more compatible with periapical lesions healing process. Since endodontic infections are polymicrobial in nature, intraradicular survival of endodontic microbiota and their pathogenic properties are influenced by a combination of their virulence factors. The purpose of this article is to review the endodontic microbiota and their respective virulence attributes, as well as perform a literature review of the effects of disinfection procedures in the treatment of endodontic infections to gain best practices. Conventional technique for root canal preparation includes mechanical debridement and application of antimicrobial irrigants. Recently, laser irradiation has been used to enhance the results of root canal treatment through its thermal effect. To reduce thermal side effects, laser activated irrigation (LAI) and photon induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) were introduced. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) by photochemical reaction uses light at a specific wavelength to activate a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen to produce cytotoxic products. Different PSs are used in dentistry including methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue O (TBO), indocyanine green (ICG) and curcumin. Among different options, ICG could be the best choice due to its peak absorption at wavelength of 808 nm, which coincides with the commercial diode laser devices. Also, this wavelength has more penetration depth compared to other wavelengths used in aPDT.

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Antimicrobial efficacy of a high‐power diode laser, photo‐activated disinfection, conventional and sonic activated irrigation during root canal treatment

Abstract: The PAD and EndoActivator system were more successful in reducing the root canal infection than the diode laser and NaOCl syringe irrigation alone.

Cited by 124 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions and Photo-Activated Therapy for In Vivo Root Canal Treatment

Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions and Photo-Activated Therapy for In Vivo Root Canal Treatment

The Antibacterial Effect of a Diode Laser Used as an Adjunct Irrigant on Clinical Isolate of Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm (In Vitro)

Clinical Approach of High Technology Techniques for Control and Elimination of Endodontic Microbiota

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