Antimicrobial effect of phytic acid on Enterococcus faecalis

Abstract

Objectives: One of the properties of an ideal root canal irrigant is the ability to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis which is one of the most resistant microorganisms encountered in persistent peri-radicular lesions. The aim of this study was to test the in vitro antibacterial effectiveness of a naturally occurring agent called phytic acid (IP6) against E. faecalis and compare it to the antibacterial activities of clinically used irrigants: sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), phosphoric acid (PA) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Design:The antimicrobial activities of 5% IP6, 5% NaOCl, 18% EDTA, 37% PA and 2% CHX against E. faecalis were determined using disk diffusion test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated by broth macrodilution method. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined for the used agents by culturing the clear broth of MIC tests. Results:The results of agar diffusion test showed statistically significant differences between the groups. PA showed a larger zone when compared to other tested materials (p< 0.05). There was no statistical significant difference between NaOCl, EDTA and CHX (p=0.098). IP6 showed the smallest zone of inhibition when compared to all groups (p< 0.05). The recorded MIC and MBC values for IP6 were 0.156% and 0.625% respectively. The MIC and MBC values for PA were 0.578% and 4.6% and for NaOCl 0.093% and 0.375%, respectively. EDTA MIC value was 0.14 % but it showed no bactericidal activity. CHX was excluded from MIC test as immediate precipitation and turbidity occurred after mixing CHX with Mueller Hinton Broth. Conclusions:Within the limitation of this study and despite that IP6 showed the smallest zone of inhibition in agar diffusion test, the results of MIC and MBC indicated that IP6 exhibits in vitro antibacterial effect against E. faecalis at low concentrations.

Investigation of the medicinal significance of phytic acid as an indispensable anti-nutrient in diseases

“…Puvvada et al [147] compared the antimicrobial efficacy of PA alone and in combination with other irrigants and discovered that the zone of inhibition of PA alone was 31.33 mm, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the other irrigants. However, the antimicrobial efficacy of PA with other irrigants like NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA gave a significantly higher zone of inhibition when compared to individual irrigants [146].…”

“…The antimicrobial efficacy of PA has been studied as evident in some studies. For instance [146], evaluated the antibacterial effect of PA on Enterococcus faecalis and recorded a zone of inhibition of 39 mm using the agar disc diffusion method and attributed the antibacterial activity of PA solution to the release of hydrogen ion. This could inhibit bacterial metabolism [146].…”

“…For instance [146], evaluated the antibacterial effect of PA on Enterococcus faecalis and recorded a zone of inhibition of 39 mm using the agar disc diffusion method and attributed the antibacterial activity of PA solution to the release of hydrogen ion. This could inhibit bacterial metabolism [146]. Puvvada et al [147] compared the antimicrobial efficacy of PA alone and in combination with other irrigants and discovered that the zone of inhibition of PA alone was 31.33 mm, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the other irrigants.…”

Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Newer Irrigating Solutions in the Removal of Smear Layer Using SEM

“…Peracitic acid (PAA)is relatively cytotoxic [19]. Nevertheless, it is considered to be a healthy alternative to sodium hypochlorite for drinking water disinfection [20].…”

Erosive potential of 1% Phytic Acid on radicular dentine at different time intervals

“…On the basis of these advantages, 1% IP6 was proposed as an alternative chelating agent in a recent report (11). Variables such as its effect on microhardness (16), removal ability of intracanal medication (17), effect on dentine bond (18), chelating efficacy (19), calcium loss from root dentine (20), effect on dental pulp stem cells (21), effect on calcium silicate based cements (22), antimicrobial effect (23) and role in regenerative endodontics (24) have been reported previously.…”