Antimicrobial Behavior of Intracellular Proteins from Two Moderately Halophilic Bacteria: Strain J31 of Terribacillus halophilus and Strain M3- 23 of Virgibacillus marismortui

Abstract

In the present study, we firstly aimed to determine the ability of halophilic bacteria to improve tomato growth. as well as to detect the antimicrobial activities from two moderately halophilic bacteria strain M3-23 of Virgibacillus marismortui and strain J31 of Terribacillus halophilus exhibited by their intracellular proteins. The results showed that both bacteria were able to improve stem tomato growth by comparison of untreated tomato. The halophilic bacteria were also able to produce intracellular antifungal enzyme: glucanase produced by V. marismortui (1.74U/mg) and chitinase (39.39U/mg) produced by T. halophilus. Both chitinases were halotolerants (active in the presence of (0% to 30% NaCl (w/v)). Chitinase produced by strain J31 was alcaline (pH optimum pH 12), but chitinase from strain M3-23 was acidic (pH 4 optimum) more than 90% and 80% of activities were retained in the presence of pH value from 4 to 12, respectively for strain J31 and M3-23. Both enzymes were thermotolerants; optimum temperature was 80°C and 90°C respectively for strain J31 and strain M3-23. Both strains have lysozyme activity and value ranging from 6.6 U/ml to 6.8 U/ml respectively for strain J31 and strain M3-23. On the whole, the most potent in vitro antifungal effect was demonstrated by intracellular compound produced by strain J31 compared to strain M3-23. This study, was the first showing the antimicrobial efficiency of moderately halophilic bacteria by means of their intracellular compounds, by means of the spore germination reduction and the destroy of mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, in vitro. The distinguishable characteristics of their intracellular halotolerant and thermotolerant chitinases make them as good candidates for biotechnological applications.

Alleviation of salt stress by halotolerant and halophilic plant growth-promoting bacteria in wheat ( Triticum aestivum )

“…Extensive research has been conducted to unravel the beneficial effects of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms on plant growth. 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 IAA is a phytohormone that involved in root initiation, cell enlargement and cell division; therefore, the IAA production activity of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms is crucial for plant growth. IAA-producing microorganisms increase the root growth and root length of plants, which constitutes a greater root surface area that enables the plant to get more nutrients from the soil.…”

The potential of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria for the production of antineoplastic enzymes: L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase

“…The secretion of the enzymes to the culture media makes the downstream processing easier and cheaper by omitting the cell disruption step in purification process. Moreover moderate halophilic and halotolerant bacteria, unlike halophilic archaea and some extremely halophilic bacteria, do not accumulate inorganic ions (K + , Na + , Cl − ) in their cytoplasm to balance the osmotic pressure of the medium (Brown, 1976[ 2 ]; Nieto and Vargas, 2002[ 21 ]); so their intracellular proteins are not specified for being stable and active in the presence of salts when compared with the extracellular proteins (Essghaier et al, 2014[ 8 ]).…”

Isolation and Characterization of Salt-Tolerant Bacterial Strains in Salt-Affected Soils of Erzurum, Turkey

“…More recently, inoculation of two halophilic bacteria (Virgibacillus marismortui and Terribacillus halophilus) with tomato seeds improved the stem growth compared to the un-incubated group (Essghaier et al 2014). These halophilic bacteria also produced halotolerant and thermotolerant chitinases that help the decomposition of chitin-based organic matters (Essghaier et al 2014).…”

“…There are significant data reporting beneficial roles of halotolerant/halophile microorganisms in plant growth promotion (Essghaier et al 2014;Kadyan et al 2013;Qurashi and (Kadyan et al 2013). According to the report of Qurashi and Sabri (2013), endogenous osmolytes (proline, glycine betaine and choline) accumulation in moderately halophilic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Bacillus subtilis) isolated from saline rhizosphere of chickpae improved the growth of bacterial strains and plants by alleviating salt stress.…”