Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and In-Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mosquitocidal Activities of Portulaca oleracea-Based Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles

Abstract

The aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea was used as a biocatalyst for the reduction of Na2SeO3 to form Se-NPs that appeared red in color and showed maximum surface plasmon resonance at a wavelength of 266 nm, indicating the successful Phyto-fabrication of Se-NPs. A FT-IR chart clarified the role of plant metabolites such as proteins, carbohydrates, and amino acids in capping and stabilizing Se-NPs. TEM, SAED, and XRD analyses indicated the formation of spherical, well-arranged, and crystalline Se-NPs with sizes in the range of 2–22 nm. SEM-EDX mapping showed the maximum peaks of Se at 1.4, 11.3, and 12.4 KeV, with weight and atomic percentages of 36.49 and 30.39%, respectively. A zeta potential of –43.8 mV also indicated the high stability of the synthesized Se-NPs. The Phyto-synthesized Se-NPs showed varied biological activities in a dose-dependent manner, including promising activity against pathogenic bacteria and Candida species with varied MIC values in the range of 12.5−50 µg·mL−1. Moreover, the Se-NPs showed antiviral activity toward HAV and Cox-B4, with percentages of 70.26 and 62.58%, respectively. Interestingly, Se-NPs showed a target orientation to cancer cell lines (HepG2) with low IC50 concentration at 70.79 ± 2.2 µg·mL−1 compared to normal cell lines (WI−38) with IC50 at165.5 ± 5.4 µg·mL−1. Moreover, the as-formed Se-NPs showed high activity against various instar larvae I, II, III, and IV of Culex pipiens, with the highest mortality percentages of 89 ± 3.1, 73 ± 1.2, 68 ± 1.4, and 59 ± 1.0%, respectively, at 50 mg L−1. Thus, P. oleracea-based Se-NPs would be strong potential antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, and anti-insect agents in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Salvia verticillata and Filipendula ulmaria Extracts: Optimization of Synthesis, Biological Activities, and Catalytic Properties

“…Several mechanisms of antimicrobial activity in metal nanoparticles have been proposed, including disruption of microbial cell membrane nanoparticles and increase in its permeability, accumulation of metal ions in the cell, and generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in the cell. All these three possible mechanisms are linked, and may affect enzymatic reaction of the cell, liberation of an intracellular component outside the bacterial cell, respiratory chain reactions, and/or block replication of DNA reacting with nitrogen bases [ 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles by Candida albicans and them antimicrobial effects

“…As shown by a study (Fouda, Al-Otaibi, et al, 2022).For the highest activity ofSeNpsat a concentration of 300gµ\mLwith an inhibition rate of 19mMfollowed by a concentration of 200gµ\mLwith an inhibition rate of 15mMFollowed by a concentration of 100gµ\mLwith an inhibition rate of 11mMThen 25gµ\mLwith an inhibition rate of 10mMThe lowest activity was a concentration of 12.5 with an inhibition rate of 9mMIn what concentration 6.5 did not appeargµ\mLany effectiveness.…”

Biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Hibiscus esculentus L. extract: Catalytic degradation of organic dye and its anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal activities

“…The zeta potential of S. platensis-mediated SeNPs was -32.9±8.12 mv [38]. Furthermore, SeNPs synthesized by aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea indicated a zeta potential of −43.8 mV [39].…”