Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Flavonoids Extracted from Pistacia lentiscus L., Leaves

Abstract

Increasingly, the flavonoids becoming the subject of biomedical researches, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing important biological activities. This assess investigates the antimicrobial fight and the antioxidant strengths of flavonoids extracted from Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves. The extract was first analyzed for its phenolic content, then the flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial capacities by the method of diffusion against fourteen bacteria, two fungi and one yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of flavonoids were determined using the dilution method on solid medium, however, the antioxidant activity was evaluated through the ability of the extract to scavenge DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and the reducing power essay. The results indicate that flavonoids extract contain other phenolics groups. On the other side, the Antibacterial tests exhibited different activities depending on the strains. Unlike, the MIC and the MBC showed that the flavonoids extract showed a best activity against Candida albicans and Vibrio cholerae. Concerning antioxidant activity, the results indicate a moderate capacity of the flavonoid extract. These preliminary results may justify the use of this plant in the treatment of some diseases and may be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
 Keywords: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Pistacia lentiscus, flavonoids, MIC, MBC.

A Review of Pistacia lentiscus Polyphenols: Chemical Diversity and Pharmacological Activities

“…According to the results shown in Table 1 , the total phenolic content varied from 17 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry matter (DM) to 955 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DM in the P. lentiscus extracts [ 32 , 38 ]. For the other polyphenolic classes, the low concentration of flavonoids in the lentisk extracts was 0.9 µg quercetin equivalent/g DM and the higher concentration was 278 mg rutin equivalent/g DM [ 34 , 36 ]. For the contents of condensed tannins, according to the Table 1 , the minimum value was 7 mg catechin equivalent/g DM and the maximum value was 997 mg tannic acid equivalent/g DM [ 24 , 29 ].…”

“…The plant P. lentiscus , which is used in traditional medicine, possesses pharmacological attributes and may offer significant potential as a therapeutic agent [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 34 , 42 , 43 , 51 , 53 ]. As shown in Table 3 , several studies have therefore been undertaken to justify its traditional use and to establish a scientific basis for the curative capacities of this plant.…”

“…As shown in Table 3 , several studies have therefore been undertaken to justify its traditional use and to establish a scientific basis for the curative capacities of this plant. The most marked pharmacological properties are its antioxidant [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 43 ], antimicrobial [ 28 , 34 , 42 ], anticancer [ 51 , 53 ], and anti-inflammatory [ 31 , 43 ] activities. The phytochemistry of the lentisk extracts tested for the curative properties described above is also discussed in these same studies ( Table 1 and Table 2 ).…”

“…The ability of the P. lentiscus extracts to prevent free radicals could be attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds [ 23 , 29 , 30 , 34 ]. There is a significant positive correlation between the antioxidant test results and the amount of total phenols [ 37 ].…”

“…The activity against fungal cells, Candida albicans , Candida parapsilosis , Torulopsis glabrata , and Cryptococcus neoformans seems to be much more interesting [ 64 ]. Bakli et al (2020) [ 34 ] showed that the ethyl acetate fraction from an ethanolic leaf extract had remarkable activity against V. cholerae with a value of MBC 0.3 mg/mL [ 34 ]. Another study showed that methanol extracts had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of bacterial isolates ( Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Proteus mirabilis ).…”