Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of pleurocidin against cariogenic microorganisms

Tao, Rui; Tong, Zhongchun; Lin, Yuan; Yunpeng, Xue; Wang, Wei; Kuang, Rongze; Wang, Ping; Tian, Yu; Ni, Longxing

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2011.06.008

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This conjecture was further strengthened by the scanning electron microscopy images and the BioFlux system. The BioFlux system can generate a flow biofilm, which is different from the static biofilm in hydrodynamic conditions and is controlled by many factors [15,25]. Sub-MICs of some antimicrobial agents tested here appear to solidify and strengthen S. mutans biofilms, although sub-MICs of these antimicrobial agents still have antibacterial activity and affect the growth of planktonic S. mutans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation

Dong

Tong

Linghu

et al. 2012

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation

Dong

Tong

Linghu

et al. 2012

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…All chemicals and assay kits were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) unless otherwise stated. S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases at Sichuan University (Chengdu, China) and grown in brain–heart infusion broth (BHI; Oxoid, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK) anaerobically (85% N 2 , 10% H 2 and 5% CO 2 ) at 37°C [22]. For lactic acid measurement, buffered peptone water (BPW, Nissui, Tokyo, Japan) was used [23], and for acid tolerance assays, tryptone-yeast extract medium containing 20 mM glucose (TYEG) was applied [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptide GH12 suppresses cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans include acidogenicity, aciduricity, and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) synthesis. The de novo designed antimicrobial peptide GH12 has shown bactericidal effects on S. mutans, but its interaction with virulence and regulatory systems of S. mutans remains to be elucidated. The objectives were to investigate the effects of GH12 on virulence factors of S. mutans, and further explore the function mechanisms at enzymatic and transcriptional levels. To avoid decrease in bacterial viability, we limited GH12 to subinhibitory levels. We evaluated effects of GH12 on acidogenicity of S. mutans by pH drop, lactic acid measurement and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, on aciduricity through survival rate at pH 5.0 and F1F0-ATPase assay, and on EPS synthesis using quantitative measurement, morphology observation, vertical distribution analyses and biomass calculation. Afterwards, we conducted quantitative real-time PCR to acquire the expression profile of related genes. GH12 at 1/2 MIC (4 mg/L) inhibited acid production, survival rate, EPS synthesis, and biofilm formation. The enzymatic activity of LDH and F1F0-ATPase was inhibited, and ldh, gtfBCD, vicR, liaR, and comDE genes were significantly downregulated. In conclusion, GH12 inhibited virulence factors of S. mutans, through reducing the activity of related enzymes, downregulating virulence genes, and inactivating specific regulatory systems.

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“…Finally, overnight bacterial suspensions were adjusted to the desired concentration with BHI broth for susceptibility assays and time kill assays, or with BHI broth supplemented with 1.00% (w/v) sucrose for biofilm susceptibility assays according to previous studies Shang et al, 2014]. Meanwhile, bacterial suspensions in mid-log phase of growth were observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy [Imazato et al, 2008] or scanning electron microscopy [Tao et al, 2011] to ensure that bacteria were in high viability, thus minimizing the interference of the dead bacteria before the treatment of GH12.…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial cultures in the mid-log phase of growth were treated with GH12 at a final concentration of 64.0 μg/ ml or CHX at a final concentration of 0.12% (w/v), and incubated anaerobically for 24 h at 37 ° C [Tao et al, 2011]. Cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 4,500 g for 5 min, washed twice and resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 against Oral Streptococci

Fan²,

Lv³

et al. 2016

Caries Res

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Controlling the growth of cariogenic microorganisms such as oral streptococci is an adjunct therapy for caries-active individuals to prevent and treat caries. Here we investigated the antimicrobial activity of the synthetic amphipathic α- helical antimicrobial peptide GH12 (GLLWHLLHHLLH-NH₂) against oral streptococci in vitro. Circular dichroism studies showed that GH12 takes on an α-helical conformation in the presence of membrane-mimicking solvents, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography studies showed that GH12 remains stable in saliva. The peptide showed bactericidal activity against oral streptococci, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 6.7 to 32.0 μg/ml. GH12 concentrations 4-fold higher than the minimum bactericidal concentration completely killed oral streptococci within 20 min. Treating oral streptococci with GH12 caused noticeable changes in bacterial viability and morphology based on confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Effects of GH12 on biofilm formation and on viability of mature biofilm were quantified by crystal violet staining and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. GH12 effectively inhibited biofilm formation and metabolic activity in biofilms of oral streptococci, especially S. mutans, S. sobrinus and S. salivarius. These results suggest that GH12 shows rapid and strong antimicrobial activity against oral streptococci in vitro, opening the door to preclinical and clinical studies to explore its potential for caries prevention and treatment.

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Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of pleurocidin against cariogenic microorganisms

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation

Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation

Antimicrobial peptide GH12 suppresses cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans

Activity of Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 against Oral Streptococci

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