Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effect of a novel BODIPY photosensitizer againstPseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines the use of organic dyes (photosensitizers, PSs) and visible light in order to elicit a photo-oxidative stress which causes bacterial death. GD11, a recently synthesized PS belonging to the boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) class, was demonstrated to be efficient against planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causing a 7 log unit reduction of viable cells when administered at 2.5 μM. The effectiveness of GD11 against P. aeruginosa biofilms grown in flow-cells and microtiter trays was also demonstrated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of flow-cell-grown biofilms suggests that the treatment has a biocidal effect against bacterial biofilm cells.

FARKLI BODIPY BOYALARININ METİSİLİN DİRENÇLİ Staphylococcus aureus TEDAVİSİNDE FOTOSENSİTİZER OLARAK ETKİNLİĞİNİN İN VİTRO DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

“…The results obtained pointed out that BODIPY 2 showed better antibacterial effects at the 25 -100 nM concentrations than the parent BODIPYs 1-3 (P < 0.05). The antimicrobial PDI susceptibility depends not only on the PS concentration but also to irradiation energy [26,36].Our results indicated that 100 mM concentrations of 2 and 3 showed better antibacterial effects at the 2.22 -8.88 J/cm 2 irradiation energy when compared to that of dimethyl amino group BODIPY 1. In addition, BODIPY 2 was found to be more efficient than 1 and 3 from 2.22 J/cm 2 to 8.88 J/cm 2 energy (P < 0.01).…”

“…These released reactive species react with biological molecules in the cell, resulting in loss of biological functionality and ultimately cell death [32]. Recently, BODIPYs have been suggested as potential PS for the killing of pathogenic microbial cells [1,26,27]. BODIPY dyes 1-3 with different substituents (-NMe2, -NO2 and -Br, respectively) at the meso position were synthesized starting from 2,4-dimethylpyrrole and corresponding aldehydes after oxidation with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-Dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) followed by complexation with boron trifluoride etherate (BF3OEt2) (Fig.…”

“…However, the main advantages of BODIPYs 1-3 are able to kill microbial cells at relatively low concentrations (nM) and low energy doses (2.22 J/cm 2 to 8.88 J/cm 2 ) when compared to the other studies [12,21,26,27]. In a study, Orlandi et al [26] reported that PDI combines the use of 2,6-diiodo-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(N-benzyl-4pyridyl)-4,4′-difluoroboradiazaindacene PS against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the study, 7 log unit decrease of cell viability was detected when applied at 2.5 μM with 171 J/cm −2 energy dose.…”

“…singlet oxygen) and used as photodynamic therapy agents [23,25]. In recent years, 4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) derivatives have been proposed as phototherapeutic agents for the photodynamic inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms [21,26,27]. In line with the explanations above, we investigated the in vitro antimicrobial effect of BODIPY dyes 1-3 against MRSA.…”

Biofilm Effect and Growth of Waste Frying Oil (WFO) on Bacteria

“…Biofilms are known to develop tolerance to antibiotics and biocides. At the depth of biofilms, the concentration of nutrients and oxygen is low; because of this, bacteria found in biofilms exhibit low physiological activity and are tolerates to antibiotics targeting growing bacteria [9].…”