Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens DD2 against oral pathogens

Abstract

Background: Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are major causative bacterial pathogens of dental caries.Objective: We investigated the applicability of three Lactobacillus strains (L. kefiranofaciens DD2, DD5, and DD6) isolated from kefir and three commercial Lactobacillus strains (L. plantarum ATCC 10,012, L. johnsonii JCM 1022, and L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469) as potential oral probiotics with respect to their survivability in an experimental oral environment, antimicrobial activity, and anti-biofilm formation activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus.Results: Strains DD2, ATCC 10012, ATCC 7469, and JCM 1022 had the best oral survivability, including aerotolerance and enzymatic resistance, and inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans and S. sobrinus. In particular, DD2 suppressed all three classes of biofilm formation-associated genes: those associated with carbohydrate metabolism and those encoding regulatory biofilm and adhesion proteins.Conclusions: These results indicate that the novel kefir isolate L. kefiranofaciens DD2 effectively and directly inhibits S. mutans and S. sobrinus.

Antibacterial Activity of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Mongolian Yogurt against Gardnerella vaginalis

“…The CFN of ZX1, ZX27, and The tested Lactobacillus strains caused a significant reduction in the microbial growth of G. vaginalis in BHIS broth, as determined by a change in the OD at 595 nm. Jeong et al also found that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens DD2, isolated from kefir, can inhibit the growth of Sreptococcus mutans and Sreptococcus sobrinus using the same methods [31]. At the same time, there was no significant difference between the CFS from the different Lactobacillus species regardless of their metabolic pattern.…”

“…Data were analyzed using Applied Biosystems software, and differences in mRNA expression levels were calculated after normalizing to the 16S rRNA level. Results are expressed as the fold change relative to that in the control group based on ΔΔCt value analysis [31].…”

Health promoting activities of probiotics

“…Some oral pathogenic strains like Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus forming biofilm give rise to the development of dental caries. It is also well recognized that dental caries is a biofilm-dependent oral disease (Jeong, Kim, Song, & Seo, 2018 (2012) biofilm formation-related genes, which were closely associated with carbohydrate metabolism, regulatory biofilm, and adhesion proteins (Jeong et al, 2018). These results implied that probiotics suppressed colonization resistance of pathogenic bacteria by competing binding sites or reducing pathogenic adhesion competence.…”

“…Some oral pathogenic strains like Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus forming biofilm give rise to the development of dental caries. It is also well recognized that dental caries is a biofilm‐dependent oral disease (Jeong, Kim, Song, & Seo, ). Furthermore, L. kefiranofaciens DD2, L. plantarum ATCC 10012, and L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 could inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of these two oral pathogens.…”

“…Furthermore, L. kefiranofaciens DD2, L. plantarum ATCC 10012, and L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 could inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of these two oral pathogens. At the molecular level, only L. kefiranofaciens DD2 inhibited biofilm formation‐related genes, which were closely associated with carbohydrate metabolism, regulatory biofilm, and adhesion proteins (Jeong et al, ). These results implied that probiotics suppressed colonization resistance of pathogenic bacteria by competing binding sites or reducing pathogenic adhesion competence.…”