Antimicrobial and anti-adhesive properties of carbon nanotube-based surfaces for medical applications: a systematic review

Optimizing CNT Loading in Antimicrobial Composites for Urinary Tract Application

“…These strategies include the release of antimicrobial agents, contact-killing and anti-adhesive coatings, as well as surfaces that cause disruption of biofilm architecture by quorum sensing disturbance or matrix degradation [10]. However, although several preventive strategies having been proposed to reduce the incidence of UTIs, their application for coating UTDs is still questionable due to the resistance phenomena, low biocompatibility, and toxicity that derives from the use of some of these coatings [18].…”

“…Described as sheets of graphene rolled up into cylinders (with several micrometres in length and nanometres in diameter), they can be classified as single-(SWCNTs) and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), accordingly to the number of graphene layers [19,20]. Because of their outstanding properties, such as electrical conductivity, high aspect ratio and mechanical strength, flexibility, high surface energy density, chemical stability, and the possibility of functionalization with a wide variety of moieties (antimicrobial drugs and other bioactive molecules), CNT-based surfaces have been widely applied in the medical field, and in particular for the manufacture of medical devices [18,21]. Although there is still little consensus regarding the mechanisms behind the CNTs' antimicrobial activity, different influencing factors have been described, including CNT diameter and length, purity, electronic structure, CNT aggregation and surface functional groups, as well as CNT type (SWCNT or MWCNT) [22].…”

“…Despite the proven antimicrobial activity of CNT composites [18,21], their application as a coating for urinary tract devices is still unexplored and supplementary investigations are required to improve their antimicrobial properties. To the best of our knowledge, only two studies have been devoted to the development of antimicrobial CNT composites for application in urinary tract devices in controlled hydrodynamic conditions [23,24].…”

Laser ablation in air and its application in catalytic water splitting and Li-ion battery

“…Conventionally, laser ablation is conducted in liquids, which can be termed as LAL. Various nanomaterials have been prepared using the laser ablation method, such as nanowires ( Xu et al., 2018 ; Kim et al., 2018 ; Teixeira-Santos et al., 2021 ), nanoparticles ( Nguyen et al., 2021 ; Lim et al., 2018 ; Lin et al., 2020 ), or clusters ( Xu et al., 2019 ; Li et al., 2019a ). Usually, the solution could play an important role in LAL.…”

Active and passive adsorption of 47 trace atmospheric volatile organic compounds onto carbon nanotubes

“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed for use in many applications including wastewater treatment, 1 hydrogen adsorption, 2 and antimicrobial and anti-adhesive functions in medicine. 3 These applications all rely on the specic surface properties of the CNTs promoting physisorption processes. Several studies have also shown that CNTs are excellent sorbents for organic species, and have been used in solid phase extraction, chromatographic analysis, and sensor development, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] although to the best of our knowledge there are few reports that examine adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at their trace atmospheric level (ppb (v/v)).…”