Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Ethnoveterinary Medicinal Plants of Southern Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background For decades, Ethiopians have employed ethnoveterinary medicinal plants to cure both human and livestock ailments. Currently, few studies have been conducted on antimicrobial activity evaluation in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, is designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of selected ethnoveterinary medicinal plants used in treating livestock ailments in the study area. Methods Ethanol extracts of plants obtained by maceration of roots and leaves of four medicinal plant species were studied for potential antimicrobial activity using a disc diffusion method against S. aureus and E. coli . Data obtained from experiments were analyzed using ANOVA and the significant test was set to P < 0.05. Results The antibacterial properties of four ethanol extracts of leaves of Withania somnifera L., Becium obovatum, Ageratum conyzoides L., and root of Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Defiers were evaluated in vitro and found to be effective against S. aureus but not E. coli . There was no significant difference between the studied plant species and concentrations (p > 0.05), according to the results. The four test extracts had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 6.25 to 25 mg/mL, with inhibitory potential ranging from 12.5 to 100 mg/mL. Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Defiers’s antibacterial activity at a concentration of 100 mg/mL (18.67 3.78 mm) was comparable to the standard antibiotic (Gentamicin 20g per disc), which had a measurement of 23.08 ±0.9 mm. Conclusion This finding on the selected medicinal plants of Dawuro Zone supports the traditional claims of effective antimicrobial activity in the treatment of livestock health management. Hence, the study suggests further investigations need to be conducted to isolate and elucidate active ingredients in the plant materials tested.

Effect of herbal extracts in animal nutrition as feed additives

“…Plant extracts include a selection of materials, and the energetic secondary plant metabolites are normally isoprene derivatives and flavonoids [ 6 ]. The type and level of various biological activities exhibited via any plant extract, however, is dependent on a ramification of things such as geographical place, time of collection, soil situations, harvesting time, moisture content material, drying method, storage conditions, and publish-harvest method [ 7 ]. The quantity of active compounds in herbal extracts varies extensively relying on the natural portion, geographic origin, plant maturity stage, preservation methods and length, garage and extraction methods [ 8 ].…”

“…Br leaves, in addition to Pentas lanceolata root, have antibacterial action against Grampositive bacteria, S. Aureus, however no longer E. Coli. As example Pentas lanceolata ethanol extracts had the largest boom inhibition quarter in opposition to Gram-fantastic micro organism, S. Aureus, with inhibition zones of 15.67 and 18.67 mm at concentrations of fifty mg/mL and one hundred mg/mL, respectively [ 7 ]. Citrus sinensis (orange) peel extracts have remarkable antibacterial pastime against gram positive and gram negative micro-organism, in addition to antifungal activity against Candida albicans [ 16 ].…”