Antimicrobial activity of plants used as medicinals on an indigenous reserve in Rio das Cobras, Paraná, Brazil

Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the medicinal species of the genusCordia(Boraginaceae)

“…Afzal et al Figure 11 Porphyrins and miscellaneous compounds isolated from the genus Cordia. [164] C. americana Antimicrobial Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract were found to be the most effective against herpes simplex virus type 1 [206] Anti-inflammatory Ethanol extract of leaves showed potent inhibitory effect on 5-lipoxygenase, p38a with IC 50 value of 0.69 and 3.25 lg/ml and moderate inhibition of TNF-a [99] C. boissieri Antimicrobial Methanol extract of the leaves and flowers demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 250 lg/ml) and Candida glabrata (MIC 125 lg/ml), respectively [165,166] Antioxidant Methanol extract of the flowers was found to inhibit oxidation of methyl linoleate by 95.8% [169] C. curassavica Antimicrobial The essential oil obtained from aerial parts showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC 0.75-1.00 mg/ml), Sarcina lutea (MIC 0.62 mg/ml), Vibrio cholera (MIC 0.125-0.375 mg/ml) and Rhizoctonia solani (IC 25 0.1300 mg/ml), while hexane extract was active against Trichophyton mentagrophytes (IC 50 = 230 mg/ml) [146,160,161] Larvicidal The essential oil as well as aqueous, acetone and methanol extract of leaves shown potent larvicidal activity against third-instar and 2-3 larval instars of Aedes aegypti, respectively [205,207,211] C. cylindrostachya Antimicrobial The neutral fraction of leaves was found to inhibit growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus spp. and Bacillus subtilis [75] C. dichotoma Antimicrobial The methanol and butanol extract of the bark inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus clavatus and Candida albicans [167] The ethanol extract of the leaves was also demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholera, Streptococcus epidermis, Hafnia and Escherichia coli [188] Antioxidant Methanol and butanol extract of the bark showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity and also increased ferric reducing power in reducing power assays [170] The methanol extract and taxifolin-enriched methanol fraction of seeds also showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging assay [174] Antiulcer Oral administration of ethyl acetate, butanol and butanone fraction of fruit at a dose of 300 mg/kg to the rat significantly reduced gastric secretion, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index in three different models, that is pyloric ligation and indomethacin-and aspirininduced ulcers [184] Analgesic The ethanol extract of ...…”

Phytochemical Profile of Pasture Weeds from the Brazilian Cerrado

“…Calixto also reported the presence of flavonoids in extracts of L. paniculata. Several activities have already been described on this species, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal action (Moura-Costa et al, 2012;Lima Neto et al, 2015;Calixto Jr et al, 2015), but with no reports on its pesticide activity. However, the presence of flavonoids may be an indication of an allelopathic potential since phenolic acids are proved to have an allelopathic potential to inhibit the germination of seeds from different weeds (Santos, 2011).…”

Avaliação Da Atividade Leishmanicida in Vitro De Espécies Da Família Myrtaceae, Nativas Do Sul Do Brasil

“…Dessa forma, ação leishmanicida contra formas amastigotas de L. amazonensis foi observada para frações isoladas a partir do extrato folhas de Blepharocalyx salicifolius, em concentrações que variaram de 19 a 29 μg/mL . Estudos realizados com extratos de Campomanesia eugenioides, de Myrcia linearifolia e de Psidium guajava, não demonstraram ação in vitro considerável contra formas promastigotas de L. amazonensis, com valores de IC 50 superiores a 100 μg/mL (LUIZE et al, 2005;MOURA-COSTA et al, 2012;COSTA et al, 2014).…”