Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Anthocyanins and Carotenoids Extracted From Some Plants and Wastes

Abstract

In the present study, the anthocyanins and carotenoids contents in some plants, herbs and either vegetables or fruit wastes were considered. Anthocyanins were extracted from red beet roots (Beta vulgaris L.), dark roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and eggplant peels (Solanum melongena). Meanwhile carotenoids were extracted from spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea), tumeric (Curcuma Longa Zingibaraceae) and tangerine peels (C. reticulata Magnoliopsida). These extracts were examined as antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella sp., E.coli, Trichoderma viride and Candida utilis. The anthocyanins and carotenoids fractions in the extracts were quantitatively and qualitatively determined by HPLC and GC-MS and revealed the presence of great numbers of flavonoids and terpenoids compounds which have the ability to act as antimicrobial agents. Roselle extract proved the superiority over the other extracts against the tested microorganisms in exception with Staphylococcus aureus, whereas, the eggplant peels anthocyanins had the highest antibacterial action against it. However, red beet roots extract had negative effect against Trichoderma viride, Candida utilis and Bacillus subtilis. Similar effect of the inhibition zone values were observed between spinach and tangerine peels carotenoids toward the Trichoderma viride and Salmonella sp. Tangerine peels carotenoids were better than tumeric carotenoids toward Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella sp., while tumeric carotenoids were better than both tangerine peels and spinach carotenoids toward Trichoderma viride, Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli. Red beet roots anthocyanins showed inhibitory effect higher than that of spinach carotenoids against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp and E.coli. Similar effect was also recorded with tumeric carotenoids and roselle petals anthocyanins against Trichoderma viride. Also, nearlly inhibitory effect found by tumeric carotenoids and eggplant peels anthocyanins against Bacillus subtilis. Obtained data suggest the possibility to use such extracts in food processing to control pathogens and for food preservation as well.

Phytochemical Screening of Some Medicinal Plants in Al Jouf, KSA

“…For the last few decades, demand for herbal medicines has been rising due to a growing public awareness of the importance of getting "back to nature" for a better lifestyle (El-Refai et al) [23].…”

The Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Anthocyanin Pigment Extracted From Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) and Red Radish Peels (Raphanus sativus. var. sativus)

“…These bacterial isolates were namely Staphylococcus epidermidis (Gve + , saprophytic, non-motile, coccoid shaped bacteria), Acinetobacter baumannii (Gve -, non-fermenter, coccobacillus ) from patients at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital during 2023. Both were chosen for their multidrug resistant and harmful effect regarding the human health [41].…”

Production, characterization and antibacterial activity of prodigiosin pigment produced by Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL associated with a marine macroalgae Enteromorpha sp.

“…The currently employed synthetic pigment as colouring agent has poses many disadvantages on human and environments (Alihosseini et al, 2008), imposing the need to explore for natural pigments from a biological source which includes higher plants (Al-Refai et al, 2010), lower plants (Warkoyo and Saati, 2011), and microorganisms (Franks et al, 2005). Microorganisms are the most valuable sources of natural pigment compared to plants because of the ease of propagation in laboratory condition, thus preventing the damage of the vulnerable ecosystem during the sampling.…”