Antimicrobial activity of Chinese medicine herbs against common bacteria in oral biofilm. A pilot study

Abstract

Twenty traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against four common oral bacteria. TCMs were tested for sensitivity against Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Aliquots of suspension of each bacterial species were inoculated onto a horse blood agar plate with TCMs soaked separately on 6mm paper disks. The plates were incubated for 48h anaerobically and the mean diameters of growth inhibition of three different areas obtained. 0.2% (w/v) chlorhexidine was used as a positive control. Broth microdilution assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. Fructus armeniaca mume was effective against all four bacteria. Thirteen TCMs demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, including Cortex magnoliae officinalis, Cortex phellodendri, Flos caryophylli, Flos lonicerae japonicae, Fructus armeniaca mume, Fructus forsythiae suspensae, Herba cum radice violae yedoensitis, Herba menthae haplocalycis, Pericarpium granati, Radix et rhizoma rhei, Radix gentianae, Ramulus cinnamomi cassia and Rhizoma cimicifugae. Cortex phellodendri showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, while Radix et rhizoma rhei was effective against Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguis. Fructus armeniaca mume had inhibitory effects against Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro.

Anti-biofilm activity ofSalvadora persicaon cariogenic isolates ofStreptococcus mutans:in vitroand molecular docking studies

“…After incubation, the zone of inhibition was measured. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was then determined (Wong et al 2010). …”

Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of a new Lectin Purified from the Seeds of Sterculia Foetida L.

“…This has driven the scientific community in the areas of chemistry, pharmacology, and microbiology towards more research to discover new substances, including proteins, with possible antibacterial effects. According to Wong et al [14], plant lectins inhibit the growth of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), by binding to carbohydrates that are present on their cell walls. This stops them from binding to molecules on the host cell membrane, due to the barrier formed on their own cell wall, they are then unable to enter the cytoplasm.…”

Antimicrobial Peptides from Fruits and Their Potential Use as Biotechnological Tools—A Review and Outlook

“…In addition, the wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities in some molecules suggests they can have the potential for treating different types of cancer (Tanaka, 2001) as well as viral or parasitic infections (Wong et al, 2010). …”