Antimicrobial activity of amixicile against <i>Treponema denticola</i> and other oral spirochetes associated with periodontal disease

Reed, Lucas A.; O’Bier, Nathaniel S.; Oliver, Lee D.; Hoffman, Paul S.; Marconi, Richard T.

doi:10.1002/jper.17-0185

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…On the treatment side, could we preferentially target and block functional or metabolic pathways crucial to those taxa identified as differentially abundant in peri-implantitis or even at the earlier stage of peri-implant mucositis? Recent preliminary data in this direction indicate that growth, motility, and complement resistance in several oral Treponema species may be impaired by the administration of a specific oxidoreductase inhibitor (Reed et al 2018) or that administration of a C3 inhibitor of the alternative complement pathway attenuates the progression of periodontitis (Bostanci et al 2018). Despite the hypothetical nature of these open questions, we believe that a more finite understanding of peri-implant ecological pathways leading to the functional pathogenicity of the specialized peri-implant community is warranted and would ultimately prove beneficial for the long-term retention of dental implants.…”

Section: Concluding Comments and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

2020

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Osseointegrated dental implants are a revolutionary tool in the armament of reconstructive dentistry, employed to replace missing teeth and restore masticatory, occlusal, and esthetic functions. Like natural teeth, the orally exposed part of dental implants offers a pristine nonshedding surface for salivary pellicle-mediated microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. In early colonization stages, these bacterial communities closely resemble those of healthy periodontal sites, with lower diversity. Because the peri-implant tissues are more susceptible to endogenous oral infections, understanding of the ecological triggers that underpin the microbial pathogenesis of peri-implantitis is central to developing improved prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, notably applied to 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons, has enabled the comprehensive taxonomic characterization of peri-implant bacterial communities in health and disease, revealing a differentially abundant microbiota between these 2 states, or with periodontitis. With that, the peri-implant niche is highlighted as a distinct ecosystem that shapes its individual resident microbial community. Shifts from health to disease include an increase in diversity and a gradual depletion of commensals, along with an enrichment of classical and emerging periodontal pathogens. Metatranscriptomic profiling revealed similarities in the virulence characteristics of microbial communities from peri-implantitis and periodontitis, nonetheless with some distinctive pathways and interbacterial networks. Deeper functional assessment of the physiology and virulence of the well-characterized microbial communities of the peri-implant niche will elucidate further the etiopathogenic mechanisms and drivers of the disease.

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Section: Concluding Comments and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

2020

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“…Previous studies reported a signi cant decrease post NSPT in Pg and Tf independent of the usage of placebo or AZM [13,18]. Contrarily, previous studies reported no intergroup differences in the prevalence of Pg, Tf [23,32] or Td [23,26,31,38]. Haffajee, et al [39] found a signi cant difference in the count of red-complex bacteria and some species of the orange complex for the group treated with azithromycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Periodontal Debridement Plus Systemic Azithromycin v/s Periodontal Debridement as Unique Therapy in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Navarrete

Oñate

Loyola

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Recently, it has been suggested that azithromycin (AZM) may be a useful adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). However, current scientific evidence is still not conclusive as to its efficacy as an adjunct of NSPT. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the systemic administration of AZM as an adjunct to NSPT on the clinical and microbiological variables of patients with periodontitis.Methods: Eighteen volunteers with Periodontitis received NSPT combined with placebo or AZM (500 mg/day) for 3 days (n=9/group). They were monitored clinically for probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BoP) at baseline and during the first, third and sixth month and monitored microbiologically at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after therapy. The microbiological variables were detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction tests. The normality was checked using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The level of statistical significance was measured by the unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Fisher’s exact and Chi-Square tests.Results: Fourteen patients completed the study (n=7/group). The group receiving NSPT + AZM presented with a significantly lower mean PPD at 3 (p = 0.05) and 6 months (p = 0.04) with a greater probing depth reduction (p = 0.02). Moreover, at the third month post NSPT, there was a significant increase in the number of sites with a PPD 1–3 mm (p < 0.001) and a decrease in the number of sites with a PPD 4–6 mm (p < 0.001). In addition, a significant decrease in the mean number of sites with a PPD ≥ 7 mm (p = 0.04) was detected at 6 months post treatment. There was also a significant decrease in BoP at 1 (p = 0.01), 3 (p < 0.001) and 6 (p = 0.01) months post intervention. Conclusions: AZM as an adjuvant to NSPT provides additional beneficial effects for PPD and BoP compared to NSPT alone. This could be related to its anti-inflammatory properties more than to its antibiotic characteristics.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03629288. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03629288Retrospectively registered on August 14, 2018.

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“…Some of these caused Lyme disease, leptospirosis, syphilis, and other human diseases. Moreover, Spirochaetes were closely related to periodontal disease and gingivitis (Reed et al, 2018 ; Yousefi et al, 2020 ; Zeng et al, 2021 ), and, in turn, periodontal disease impacted the risk of systemic diseases such as diabetes (Deng et al, 2018 ). Taken together, these changes occurring in the salivary microbiota of RTRs appeared to be associated with the new onset diabetes, periodontal disease, and gingivitis after renal transplant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between salivary microbiota and renal function in renal transplant patients during the perioperative period

Xiang

Peng

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionRenal transplantation is an effective treatment for the end stage renal disease (ESRD). However, how salivary microbiota changes during perioperative period of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) has not been elucidated.MethodsFive healthy controls and 11 RTRs who had good recovery were enrolled. Saliva samples were collected before surgery and at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the composition of salivary microbiota between ESRD patients and healthy controls. The salivary microbiota of RTRs showed higher operational taxonomic units (OTUs) amount and greater alpha and beta diversity than those of ESRD patients and healthy controls, but gradually stabilized over time. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Tenericutes and Spirochaetes was about ten times different from ESRD patients or healthy controls for RTRs overall in time. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Patescibacteria, Leptotrichiaceae and Streptococcaceae was correlated with serum creatinine (Scr) after renal transplantation.DiscussionIn short, salivary microbiota community altered in the perioperative period of renal transplantation and certain species of salivary microbiota had the potential to be a biomarker of postoperative recovery.

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Antimicrobial activity of amixicile against Treponema denticola and other oral spirochetes associated with periodontal disease

Abstract: AMIX is effective in vitro in inhibiting growth and other processes central to virulence. AMIX could serve could serve as a new selective therapeutic tool for the treatment of periodontal disease.

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

Effect of Periodontal Debridement Plus Systemic Azithromycin v/s Periodontal Debridement as Unique Therapy in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Association between salivary microbiota and renal function in renal transplant patients during the perioperative period

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Antimicrobial activity of amixicile against Treponema denticola and other oral spirochetes associated with periodontal disease

Abstract: AMIX is effective in vitro in inhibiting growth and other processes central to virulence. AMIX could serve could serve as a new selective therapeutic tool for the treatment of periodontal disease.

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

Effect of Periodontal Debridement Plus Systemic Azithromycin v/s&nbsp;Periodontal Debridement as Unique Therapy in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Association between salivary microbiota and renal function in renal transplant patients during the perioperative period

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Effect of Periodontal Debridement Plus Systemic Azithromycin v/s Periodontal Debridement as Unique Therapy in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.