Antimicrobial Active Packaging Containing Nisin for Preservation of Products of Animal Origin: An Overview

Abstract

The preservation of food represents one of the greatest challenges in the food industry. Active packaging materials are obtained through the incorporation of antimicrobial and/or antioxidant compounds in order to improve their functionality. Further, these materials are used for food packaging applications for shelf-life extension and fulfilling consumer demands for minimal processed foods with great quality and safety. The incorporation of antimicrobial peptides, such as nisin, has been studied lately, with a great interest applied to the food industry. Antimicrobials can be incorporated in various matrices such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, or nanoparticles, which are further used for packaging. Despite the widespread application of nisin as an antimicrobial by directly incorporating it into various foods, the use of nisin by incorporating it into food packaging materials is researched at a much smaller scale. The researchers in this field are still in full development, being specific to the type of product studied. The purpose of this study was to present recent results obtained as a result of using nisin as an antimicrobial agent in food packaging materials, with a focus on applications on products of animal origin. The findings showed that nisin incorporated in packaging materials led to a significant reduction in the bacterial load (the total viable count or inoculated strains), maintained product attributes (physical, chemical, and sensorial), and prolonged their shelf-life.

Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptide Produced by Bacillus Subtilis Subsp. Subtilis

“…The widespread resistance of bacterial pathogens to conventional antibiotics has prompted renewed interest in the use of alternative natural microbial inhibitors such as antimicrobial peptides (Mba and Nweze, 2022). They have been mostly proposed as novel food preservatives (Kamal et al, 2023;Popa et a., 2022) but there is also interest in using them for the control of bacterial diseases in humans and animals (Ahmad et al, 2017) and even as biocontrol agents for plant diseases (Jaffar et al, 2023). Bacillus species produce a large number of peptide antibiotics of at least 25 different basic chemical structures (Kasper et al, 2019) representing a vast source of potentially useful products.…”

Nanocomposites and their application in antimicrobial packaging

“…Various synthetic polymers and biopolymers incorporated with antimicrobials have been tested and found effective against susceptible microbial populations ( Supplementary Table S4 ). Several antimicrobial substances, including natural products such as essential oils, antimicrobial peptides, sorbic acid, lactic acid, isothiocyanates, antimicrobial enzymes and modified clay minerals have been employed to develop active antimicrobial packaging materials ( Peighambardoust et al, 2021 ; Popa et al, 2022 ; Duda-Chodak et al, 2023 ).…”

Nisin: Prerequisites and Prospects for Application in the Medical Field

“…Nisin (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and ripsin, which are inactive against gram-negative pathogens, were used to create a new hybrid macrocyclic lantipeptide (ripsin B-G), which showed selective antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, including MRSA, significant antimicrobial activity against gramnegative pathogens and turned out to be highly resistant to nisin-cleaving protease [71].…”

“…This peptide is capable of forming dimers (more stable forms, 7,000 Da) and tetramers (14,000 Da) [4]. Nisin is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and approved for use as a food additive by the World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), with its assigned E number being E 234 [4][5][6][7]. There are different commercial preparations based on nisin such as Delvo ® Nis (DSM, Delft, Netherlands, Chrisin ® (Chris Hansen, Horsholm, Denmark), and Nisaplin ® (Danisco, Copenhagen, Denmark) [8].…”