Antimelanogenic effects of Inula britannica flower petal extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P

Abstract

Abstract:The inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented and non-fermented Inula britannica extracts on the tyrosinase activity were comparatively investigated to examine whether and how they improve the whitening activity, and the contents of total flavonoids and polyphenolics as bioactive compounds were determined. The skin whitening activity using in vitro or ex vivo tyrosinase and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) staining was examined. The total flavonoid content (TFC) was increased by 13.4% after 72 h-fermentation. The viabilities of the B16F10 cells treated with the fermented and non-fermented control extracts were 100.26% and 92.15% at 500 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, the inhibition of tyrosinase activity was increased by the fermented samples from 29.33% to 41.74% following fermentation for up to 72 h. The tyrosinase activity of the untreated control group was increased to 145.69% in B16F10 cells. The results showed that I. britannica fermented by L. plantarum dose-dependently inhibited tyrosinase activity, which was stimulated by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone. These results suggest that lactic fermented I. britannica extracts can be used as effective skin-whitening materials.

Investigation of Brassica juncea, Forsythia suspensa, and Inula britannica: phytochemical properties, antiviral effects, and safety

“…The medicinal herbs were extracted according to a method previously described, with some modifications [23]. The herb powder (100 g) was extracted with 1 L distilled water and ethanol (1:10 w/v) at 70 °C in a boiling pot (OCOO, Boryeong, South Korea) for 6 h. The extracts were filtered through Whatman No.…”

“…Total phenolic content was determined via Folin-Ciocalteu assay with modifications [23]. The extracts (90 μL) were mixed with 1.8 mL of 2% (w/v) sodium carbonate solution and 90 μL of 50% (v/v) Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and incubated for 30 min.…”

Inhibitory effects of Inula britannica extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P on coagulase activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin‐resistant strains

“…Extraction and fermentation of I. britannica were both performed using previously described methods with modifications (Park, Bae, Kim, Kim, & Paik, ). Dried I. britannica was obtained from the Herb Kingdom Agriculture Corporation (Namwon, South Korea) and was pulverized into a powder using a blender.…”

Caffeoylquinic Acids, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase and Tyrosinase Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Six Inula Species from Bulgaria

“…Thus, dichloromethane extract from I. crithmoides exhibited strong AChE inhibitory activity (50–75 %) in the concentration range of 5–10 mg/mL . The investigation of inhibitory effects of non‐fermented and fermented extracts from I. britannica against l ‐DOPA auto‐oxidation using mushroom tyrosinase displayed an inhibition from 29.33 to 41.74 %, while I. crithmoides displayed a moderate activity by assessing both the inhibition of l ‐tyrosine hydroxylation to l ‐DOPA (monophenolase) and that of l ‐DOPA oxidation to dopaquinone (diphenolase) . Water extract of I. japonica flos showed a potent inhibitory action on mushroom tyrosinase activity with an IC 50 value of 0.8 mg/mL and exhibited 34.0–90.3 % inhibitory action on tyrosinase in the concentration range of 0.5–1.5 mg/mL .…”